Skrbek Ladislav, Schmoranzer David, Midlik Šimon, Sreenivasan Katepalli R
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic;
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Apr 20;118(16). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2018406118.
Quantum turbulence-the stochastic motion of quantum fluids such as He and He-B, which display pure superfluidity at zero temperature and two-fluid behavior at finite but low temperatures-has been a subject of intense experimental, theoretical, and numerical studies over the last half a century. Yet, there does not exist a satisfactory phenomenological framework that captures the rich variety of experimental observations, physical properties, and characteristic features, at the same level of detail as incompressible turbulence in conventional viscous fluids. Here we present such a phenomenology that captures in simple terms many known features and regimes of quantum turbulence, in both the limit of zero temperature and the temperature range of two-fluid behavior.
量子湍流——诸如氦和氦-B等量子流体的随机运动，它们在零温度下呈现纯超流性，在有限但低温下呈现双流体行为——在过去半个世纪里一直是大量实验、理论和数值研究的主题。然而，目前还不存在一个令人满意的唯象学框架，能够像传统粘性流体中的不可压缩湍流那样，在同等详细程度上捕捉到丰富多样的实验观测、物理性质和特征。在此，我们提出这样一种唯象学，它用简单的术语描述了量子湍流在零温度极限和双流体行为温度范围内的许多已知特征和状态。
