Wang Fang, Malnassy Greg, Qiu Wei
Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States.
Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States.
Front Oncol. 2021 Mar 15;11:653037. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.653037. eCollection 2021.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal and complex malignancy strongly influenced by the surrounding tumor microenvironment. The HCC microenvironment comprises hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), stromal and endothelial cells, and the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). Emerging evidence demonstrates that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in altering numerous components of the HCC tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of the microenvironment in HCC. We review recent studies demonstrating how specific epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, histone regulation, and non-coding RNAs mediated regulation) in HSCs, TAMs, and ECM, and how they contribute to HCC development, so as to gain new insights into the treatment of HCC via regulating epigenetic regulation in the tumor microenvironment.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种高度致命且复杂的恶性肿瘤，受到周围肿瘤微环境的强烈影响。HCC微环境由肝星状细胞（HSCs）、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）、基质细胞和内皮细胞以及潜在的细胞外基质（ECM）组成。新出现的证据表明，表观遗传调控在改变HCC肿瘤微环境的众多成分中起着关键作用。在本综述中，我们总结了目前对HCC微环境表观遗传调控机制的理解。我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究展示了HSCs、TAMs和ECM中的特定表观遗传机制（DNA甲基化、组蛋白调控和非编码RNA介导的调控）以及它们如何促进HCC的发展，以便通过调节肿瘤微环境中的表观遗传调控来获得对HCC治疗的新见解。
