Blasingame Michael, Bradlow Ann R
Department of Linguistics, Northwestern University, 2016 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
JASA Express Lett. 2021 Mar;1(3):035201. doi: 10.1121/10.0003688.
Recordings of Spanish and English sentences by switched-dominance bilingual (SDB) Spanish (i.e., L2-dominant Spanish-English bilinguals) and by L1-dominant Spanish and English controls were presented to L1-dominant Spanish and English listeners, respectively. At -4 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), Spanish and English productions by SDBs were equally intelligible with both reaching L1-dominant control levels. At -8 dB SNR, SDB English intelligibility matched that of L1-dominant English controls, yet SDB Spanish intelligibility was significantly lower than that of L1-dominant Spanish controls. These results emphasize that extended (but not early) exposure is both necessary and sufficient for robust speech learning.
分别向母语为西班牙语和英语的听众播放了由优势转换型双语者（SDB，即第二语言占优势的西班牙语 - 英语双语者）录制的西班牙语和英语句子，以及母语占优势的西班牙语和英语对照组录制的句子。在信噪比为 -4 dB 时，SDB 双语者的西班牙语和英语发音的可懂度相同，均达到母语占优势的对照组水平。在信噪比为 -8 dB 时，SDB 双语者的英语可懂度与母语占优势的英语对照组相当，但 SDB 双语者的西班牙语可懂度显著低于母语占优势的西班牙语对照组。这些结果强调，长期（而非早期）接触对于稳健的语音学习既必要又充分。
