[16426例过敏性疾病患者对猫和狗皮屑过敏原的致敏模式]
[Sensitization pattern of cat and dog dander allergen in 16 426 patients with allergic diseases].
作者信息
Chen Yanlei, Pu Xiaoyu, Chen Jun, Wang Xiaoyan, Wang Hongtian, Wang Xueyan
机构信息
Department of Allergy，Beijing Shijitan Hospital，Capital Medical University，Beijing，100038，China.
Allergy Center，Beijing Shijitan Hospital，Capital Medical University.
出版信息
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Apr;35(4):333-337. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.04.011.
To explore the sensitization feature of cat and dog dander and time trend in northern region. During year 2017 to year 2019, subjects with self-reported allergic diseases received skin prick test for cat and dog dander allergen. Skin index（SI） ≥2+ was considered as positive SPT. SI2+ was defined as mild sensitization, SI3+ was defined as moderate sensitization while SI4+ was defined as severe sensitization. The age and gender difference of sensitization rate between cat and dog dander allergen was analyzed. Meanwhile, the trend of cat and dog dander sensitization rate was analyzed. Overall, 16 426 subjects were enrolled in this study. ① The sensitization rate of cat dander was significantly higher than dog dander（11.8% vs 6.0%, <0.001）. Severe sensitization rate of cat dander was significantly higher than dog dander（5.9% vs 1.7%, <0.001） while there was no significant difference of mild sensitization rate. ②Sensitization age of cat dander was younger than dog dander（<0.001）. Sensitization rate of cat and dog dander was higher in subjects ≤18y compared with those >18y（20.2% vs 10.9%, <0.001; 8.1% vs 5.7%, <0, 001）. The highest sensitization rate was presented in 13-18y age group（27.3% vs 9.9%, <0.001）, following by 7-12y age group（26.0% vs 9.2%, <0.001）. Sensitization rate of cat dander was higher in male than in female（13.7% vs 10.7%, <0.001） while no gender difference was observed in dog dander sensitization（6.2% vs 5.8%, =0.411）. ③595 subjects（3.6%） were both sensitized to cat and dog dander while 1733 subjects（10.6%） were sensitized either to cat or dog dander. Single sensitization rate of cat dander was higher than single sensitization rate of dog dander（8.2% vs 2.3%, <0.001）. There was a positive correlation between the cat and dog dander sensitization rate（=0.386, <0.001）. ④During 2017-2019, the sensitization rate of cat dander increased but without significantly statistic difference while dog dander sensitization rate was descending from 7.4% to 4.6% significantly（χ²=38.298, <0.001）. Cat dander sensitization rate was higher than dog dander with a peak age in adolescence. A trend of rising for cat dander allergy and descending for dog dander allergy was observed during the past three years.
探索北方地区猫和狗皮屑的致敏特征及时间趋势。在2017年至2019年期间，有自我报告过敏疾病的受试者接受了猫和狗皮屑过敏原的皮肤点刺试验。皮肤指数（SI）≥2+被视为皮肤点刺试验阳性。SI2+被定义为轻度致敏，SI3+被定义为中度致敏，而SI4+被定义为重度致敏。分析了猫和狗皮屑过敏原致敏率的年龄和性别差异。同时，分析了猫和狗皮屑致敏率的趋势。总体而言，本研究共纳入16426名受试者。①猫皮屑的致敏率显著高于狗皮屑（11.8%对6.0%，<0.001）。猫皮屑的重度致敏率显著高于狗皮屑（5.9%对1.7%，<0.001），而轻度致敏率无显著差异。②猫皮屑的致敏年龄比狗皮屑小（<0.001）。≤18岁受试者中猫和狗皮屑的致敏率高于>18岁的受试者（20.2%对10.9%，<0.001；8.1%对5.7%，<0.001）。致敏率最高的是13 - 18岁年龄组（27.3%对9.9%，<0.001），其次是7 - 12岁年龄组（26.0%对9.2%，<0.001）。猫皮屑的致敏率男性高于女性（13.7%对10.7%，<0.001），而狗皮屑致敏在性别上无差异（6.2%对5.8%，=0.411）。③595名受试者（3.6%）对猫和狗皮屑均致敏，而1733名受试者（10.6%）对猫或狗皮屑致敏。猫皮屑的单一致敏率高于狗皮屑的单一致敏率（8.2%对2.3%，<0.001）。猫和狗皮屑致敏率之间存在正相关（=0.386，<0.001）。④在2017 - 2019年期间，猫皮屑的致敏率有所上升，但无显著统计学差异，而狗皮屑致敏率从7.4%显著降至4.6%（χ²=38.298，<0.001）。猫皮屑致敏率高于狗皮屑，在青春期达到峰值。在过去三年中观察到猫皮屑过敏呈上升趋势，狗皮屑过敏呈下降趋势。
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