Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Med Teach. 2022 Mar;44(3):249-256. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2021.1901869. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
Mindfulness practice has been shown to have many positive benefits for patients, clinicians, and trainees. Mindfulness fosters compassion, connection, and enhanced clinical reasoning and can reduce burnout among clinicians. A primary focus of mindfulness is present-moment awareness and may be achieved through openness, curiosity, perspective-taking, and letting go of judgment. We propose that the core principles of mindfulness can be harnessed by educators to enhance their teaching skills specifically around creating a supportive and safe learning environment, using questions effectively, providing feedback, and serving as role models. Mindful teaching promotes mindful learning, which focuses on context, openness to new possibilities, reflection, and critical thinking, as opposed to rote repetition and memorization. This article describes core mindfulness principles and strategies that can be used to become a more mindful teacher.
正念练习已被证明对患者、临床医生和学员都有许多积极的益处。正念可以培养同情心、联系感和增强临床推理能力，并可以减少临床医生的倦怠感。正念的主要重点是当下的意识，并且可以通过开放性、好奇心、换位思考和放下评判来实现。我们提出，教育者可以利用正念的核心原则来增强他们的教学技能，特别是在营造支持性和安全的学习环境、有效地提问、提供反馈和树立榜样方面。正念教学促进正念学习，它侧重于背景、对新可能性的开放、反思和批判性思维，而不是死记硬背和记忆。本文描述了可以用来成为更有正念的教师的核心正念原则和策略。
