Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
10969 International Center for Research on Women, Washington, DC, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2022 May-Jun;137(3):488-497. doi: 10.1177/00333549211006986. Epub 2021 Apr 2.
Levels of knowledge about the sexual transmission of Zika virus are consistently low in populations at risk of a mosquito-borne outbreak, including among women of childbearing age and women who are pregnant or intend to become pregnant. We investigated the effectiveness of sources of public health messaging about sexual transmission to women who are pregnant or intend to become pregnant in Arizona.
In 2017, we conducted an Arizona-statewide survey 15 months after the initial release of US guidelines on sexual transmission of Zika virus. We used Poisson regression, adjusting for demographic factors, to estimate the likelihood among women who were pregnant or intended to become pregnant of knowing that Zika virus is sexually transmitted relative to other women of childbearing age. We used multinomial logistic regression models to explore associations with most used health information sources, either in person (eg, medical providers) or online (eg, Facebook), categorized by extent of dependability.
Women who were pregnant or intended to become pregnant had similarly poor knowledge of the sexual transmission of Zika virus as compared with other women of childbearing age (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.14 [95% CI, 0.83-1.55]). Only about one-third of all respondents reported knowledge of sexual transmission. Reliance on high- vs low-dependability information sources, whether in person or online, did not predict the extent of Zika virus knowledge among women who were pregnant or intended to become pregnant.
As late as the second year of local Zika virus transmission in the United States, in 2017, women in Arizona were not receiving sufficient information about sexual transmission, even though it was available. To prepare for possible future outbreaks, research should explore which aspects of Zika information campaigns were ineffective or inefficient.
在有蚊媒暴发风险的人群中，包括育龄妇女和计划怀孕或已经怀孕的妇女，有关寨卡病毒性传播的知识水平一直很低。我们调查了亚利桑那州针对计划怀孕或已经怀孕的妇女的公共卫生信息传播源对性传播的有效性。
2017 年，在首次发布美国关于寨卡病毒性传播的指南后 15 个月，我们进行了一项全州范围的亚利桑那州调查。我们使用泊松回归，根据人口统计学因素进行调整，以估计计划怀孕或已经怀孕的妇女相对于其他育龄妇女，了解寨卡病毒可通过性传播的可能性。我们使用多项逻辑回归模型，按可靠程度分类，探索与最常使用的健康信息来源（面对面，例如医疗服务提供者，或在线，例如 Facebook）的关联。
与其他育龄妇女相比，计划怀孕或已经怀孕的妇女对寨卡病毒性传播的知识同样很差（调整后的患病率比=1.14[95%CI，0.83-1.55]）。只有大约三分之一的受访者报告了解性传播。面对面或在线的高可靠度和低可靠度信息源的依赖，都不能预测计划怀孕或已经怀孕的妇女对寨卡病毒的了解程度。
即使信息可用，在美国寨卡病毒当地传播的第二年（即 2017 年），亚利桑那州的妇女也没有获得足够的性传播信息。为了为可能发生的未来暴发做好准备，研究应探讨寨卡信息宣传的哪些方面无效或效率低下。
