Mevorach Tomer, Cohen Jonathan, Apter Alan
Department of Psychological Medicine, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva 4920235, Israel.
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 11;18(6):2852. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18062852.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led many countries to employ public health regulations to achieve behavioral change and stop the transmission of the virus. The factors influencing compliance with these regulations may differ from "classic" predictors for medical compliance. This study attempted to assess the effect of social communication and psychological factors on intention to comply. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on healthy adults living in Israel ( = 697). The survey assessed the intention to comply with the state COVID-19 regulations and explored possible correlations with demographic and psychosocial factors. Data were collected during May 2020 using a Qualtrics online survey. Data were analyzed to find correlations between anxiety, uncertainty, media exposure and other variables and the level of intention to comply as self-reported. Moderation and mediation effects were studied by an integrative model of influencing factors. We found that media exposure change, trust in responsible agencies and anxiety were positively correlated with compliance, while uncertainty was correlated with noncompliance. The effect of media exposure on compliance had two components. First, media exposure was positively correlated with compliance. On the other hand, media exposure was positively correlated with uncertainty, and uncertainty was negatively correlated with compliance. Interestingly, anxiety, which was positively correlated with media exposure, also moderated the negative correlation between uncertainty and compliance. Our results highlight the important role of uncertainty and anxiety as moderators between media exposure and compliance. To increase public compliance with COVID-19 regulations, efforts should be directed at decreasing uncertainty and anxiety.
新冠疫情致使许多国家实施公共卫生法规，以促使行为改变并阻止病毒传播。影响对这些法规遵守情况的因素可能有别于医疗依从性的“经典”预测因素。本研究试图评估社会沟通和心理因素对遵守意愿的影响。对居住在以色列的健康成年人开展了一项横断面在线调查（n = 697）。该调查评估了遵守以色列新冠法规的意愿，并探究了与人口统计学和心理社会因素的可能关联。2020年5月期间使用Qualtrics在线调查收集数据。对数据进行分析，以找出焦虑、不确定性、媒体曝光及其他变量与自我报告的遵守意愿水平之间的相关性。通过影响因素的综合模型研究调节效应和中介效应。我们发现，媒体曝光变化、对负责机构的信任和焦虑与遵守呈正相关，而不确定性与不遵守相关。媒体曝光对遵守的影响有两个方面。首先，媒体曝光与遵守呈正相关。另一方面，媒体曝光与不确定性呈正相关，而不确定性与遵守呈负相关。有趣的是，与媒体曝光呈正相关的焦虑也调节了不确定性与遵守之间的负相关。我们的结果凸显了不确定性和焦虑作为媒体曝光与遵守之间调节因素的重要作用。为提高公众对新冠法规的遵守程度，应致力于降低不确定性和焦虑。
