Sciuto Emanuele Luigi, Laganà Pasqualina, Filice Simona, Scalese Silvia, Libertino Sebania, Corso Domenico, Faro Giuseppina, Coniglio Maria Anna
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco", Via Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Regional Reference Laboratory of Clinical and Environmental Surveillance of Legionellosis, Messina, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 3p, AOU 'G. Martino, Via C. Valeria, s.n.c., 98125 Messina, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 11;9(3):577. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030577.
is able to remain in water as free-living planktonic bacteria or to grow within biofilms that adhere to the pipes. It is also able to enter amoebas or to switch into a viable but not culturable (VBNC) state, which contributes to its resistance to harsh conditions and hinders its detection in water. Factors regulating growth, such as environmental conditions, type and concentration of available organic and inorganic nutrients, presence of protozoa, spatial location of microorganisms, metal plumbing components, and associated corrosion products are important for survival and growth. Finally, water treatment and distribution conditions may affect each of these factors. A deeper comprehension of interactions in water distribution systems with the environmental conditions is needed for better control of the colonization. To this purpose, the implementation of water management plans is the main prevention measure against . A water management program requires coordination among building managers, health care providers, and Public Health professionals. The review reports a comprehensive view of the state of the art and the promising perspectives of both monitoring and disinfection methods against in water, focusing on the main current challenges concerning the Public Health sector.
它能够作为自由生活的浮游细菌留在水中，或者在附着于管道的生物膜内生长。它还能够进入变形虫体内，或者转变为活的但不可培养（VBNC）状态，这有助于其抵抗恶劣条件，并阻碍其在水中的检测。调节生长的因素，如环境条件、可用有机和无机养分的类型和浓度、原生动物的存在、微生物的空间位置、金属管道部件以及相关的腐蚀产物，对其生存和生长很重要。最后，水处理和分配条件可能会影响这些因素中的每一个。为了更好地控制其定殖，需要更深入地了解配水系统中与环境条件的相互作用。为此，实施水管理计划是预防它的主要措施。水管理计划需要建筑管理人员、医疗保健提供者和公共卫生专业人员之间的协调。该综述报告了针对水中它的监测和消毒方法的最新技术水平和有前景的观点的全面看法，重点关注公共卫生部门当前的主要挑战。
