Bolibok Paulina, Szymczak Bartosz, Roszek Katarzyna, Terzyk Artur P, Wiśniewski Marek
Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Mar 10;14(6):1327. doi: 10.3390/ma14061327.
Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most exciting and widely used materials. A new method of nanographene oxide (n-GO) formation is presented. The described unique sequence of ultrasonication in dimethyl sulfoxide solution allows us to obtain different sizes of n-GO sheets by controlling the timing of the cutting and re-aggregation processes. The obtained n-GO exhibits only minor spectral changes, mainly due to the formation of S-containing surface groups; thus, it can be concluded that the material is not reduced during the process. Maintaining the initial oxygen functionalities together with the required nano-size (down to 200 nm) and high homogeneity are beneficial for extensive applications of n-GO. Moreover, we prove that the obtained material is evidently biocompatible. The calculated half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) increases by 5-fold, i.e., from 50 to 250 µg/mL, when GO is converted to n-GO. As a consequence, the new n-GO neither disturbs blood flow even in the narrowest capillaries nor triggers a toxic influence in surrounding cells. Thus, it can be a serious candidate for drugs and biomolecule carriers administered systemically.
氧化石墨烯（GO）是最令人兴奋且应用广泛的材料之一。本文提出了一种生成纳米氧化石墨烯（n-GO）的新方法。所描述的在二甲基亚砜溶液中独特的超声处理顺序，使我们能够通过控制切割和重新聚集过程的时间来获得不同尺寸的n-GO片层。所获得的n-GO仅表现出微小的光谱变化，主要是由于含硫表面基团的形成；因此，可以得出结论，该材料在过程中未被还原。保持初始的氧官能团以及所需的纳米尺寸（低至200 nm）和高均匀性有利于n-GO的广泛应用。此外，我们证明所获得的材料具有明显的生物相容性。当GO转化为n-GO时，计算得出的半数最大效应浓度（EC50）增加了5倍，即从50 μg/mL增加到250 μg/mL。因此，新的n-GO即使在最狭窄的毛细血管中也不会干扰血流，也不会对周围细胞产生毒性影响。因此，它可能是全身给药的药物和生物分子载体的有力候选者。
