Mazuir Elisa, Fricker Desdemona, Sol-Foulon Nathalie
Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France.
CNRS UMR 8002, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France.
Life (Basel). 2021 Mar 9;11(3):216. doi: 10.3390/life11030216.
Axonal myelination by oligodendrocytes increases the speed and reliability of action potential propagation, and so plays a pivotal role in cortical information processing. The extent and profile of myelination vary between different cortical layers and groups of neurons. Two subtypes of cortical GABAergic neurons are myelinated: fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing cells and somatostatin-containing cells. The expression of pre-nodes on the axon of these inhibitory cells before myelination illuminates communication between oligodendrocytes and neurons. We explore the consequences of myelination for action potential propagation, for patterns of neuronal connectivity and for the expression of behavioral plasticity.
少突胶质细胞对轴突的髓鞘形成可提高动作电位传播的速度和可靠性，因此在皮层信息处理中起关键作用。髓鞘形成的程度和分布在不同的皮层层和神经元群体之间有所不同。皮层GABA能神经元有两种亚型被髓鞘化：表达小白蛋白的快速放电细胞和含生长抑素的细胞。在髓鞘形成之前，这些抑制性细胞轴突上的结前表达揭示了少突胶质细胞与神经元之间的通讯。我们探讨了髓鞘形成对动作电位传播、神经元连接模式以及行为可塑性表达的影响。
