School of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 15;18(6):3025. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063025.
Sleep disturbance is one of the major complaints among patients with diabetes. The status of diabetes control and associated complications may contribute to sleep disturbance. This study explored night time sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with type 2 diabetes and examined the association of diabetes control and associated complications on their sleep quality. A retrospective cohort study design was used. Type 2 diabetic patients (87 females and 79 males, aged 63.1 ± 10.5 years) were recruited from the outpatient clinics of the endocrine department. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Diabetes control and complications were obtained by retrospectively reviewing patients' medical records over 1 year prior to study enrollment. 72.3% of recruited patients had poor glycemic control, and 71.1% had at least one diabetic complication. 56.0% of patients experienced poor sleep quality, and 24.1% had excessive daytime sleepiness. Those who were female (OR = 3.45) and who had ophthalmological problems (OR = 3.17) were associated with poor night time sleep quality, but if they did exercise to the point of sweating (OR = 0.48) reduced the risk of poor sleep quality. Furthermore, poor sleep quality (OR = 4.35) and having nephropathy (OR = 3.78) were associated with a higher risk of excessive daytime sleepiness. Sex, ophthalmological problems, nephropathy, and no exercise to the point of sweating are associated with sleep problems in patients with type 2 diabetes. Both lifestyle behaviors and diabetic complications affect sleep disturbances in patients with diabetes.
睡眠障碍是糖尿病患者的主要抱怨之一。糖尿病控制状况和相关并发症可能会导致睡眠障碍。本研究探讨了 2 型糖尿病成人的夜间睡眠和日间过度嗜睡，并检查了糖尿病控制和相关并发症对其睡眠质量的影响。采用回顾性队列研究设计。从内分泌科门诊招募了 87 名女性和 79 名男性（年龄 63.1±10.5 岁）的 2 型糖尿病患者。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和 Epworth 嗜睡量表评估睡眠质量。通过回顾性审查患者在研究入组前 1 年的病历，获得糖尿病控制和并发症的信息。72.3%的入组患者血糖控制不佳，71.1%至少有 1 种糖尿病并发症。56.0%的患者睡眠质量较差，24.1%有日间过度嗜睡。女性（OR=3.45）和有眼科问题（OR=3.17）与夜间睡眠质量差有关，但如果她们运动到出汗（OR=0.48）则降低了睡眠质量差的风险。此外，睡眠质量差（OR=4.35）和肾病（OR=3.78）与日间过度嗜睡的风险增加有关。性别、眼科问题、肾病和没有运动到出汗与 2 型糖尿病患者的睡眠问题有关。生活方式行为和糖尿病并发症都影响糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍。
