Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China.
Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, No. 2024 E. Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 24;13(4):1047. doi: 10.3390/nu13041047.
In China, a major source of sodium is salt added during cooking. In this context, use of a salt-restriction spoon (SRS) has been promoted in public health campaigns and by health care providers. To describe use of and factors associated with SRS use, knowledge of correct use, and actual correct use. This study is a population-based, representative survey of 7512 residents, aged 18 to 69 years, of China's Zhejiang Province. The survey, which was conducted in 2017 using a multistage random sampling strategy, collected demographic information, SRS use, and physical measurements; a 24-h urine collection was obtained from 1,496 of the participants. The mean age of the participants was 44.8 years, 50.1% were females, and over 1/3 (35.3%) were classified as hypertensive. Mean 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretions were 167.3(72.2) mmol/24 h and 38.2(18.2) mmol/24 h, respectively. Only 12.0% (899/7512) of participants once used or were currently using SRS; of the 899 users, 73.4% knew how to use the SRS correctly, and just 46.5% actually used it correctly. SRS use was more commonly associated with behavioral factors rather than socio-demographic factors. Initiation of SRS use by health care providers was associated with correct technical knowledge of SRS. Lower sodium-to-potassium ratio was associated with SRS use, while SRS use was not associated with urinary sodium and potassium excretion. Use of SRS was uncommon in Zhejiang Province of China. Given that a common source of sodium in China is salt added during cooking, use of SRS is an appealing strategy, ideally as part of a multi-component campaign.
在中国，钠的一个主要来源是烹饪时添加的盐。在这种情况下，公共卫生运动和医疗保健提供者都提倡使用限盐勺（SRS）。为了描述 SRS 的使用情况以及与使用、正确使用知识和实际正确使用相关的因素。本研究是对中国浙江省 7512 名 18 至 69 岁居民进行的一项基于人群的代表性调查。该调查于 2017 年采用多阶段随机抽样策略进行，收集了人口统计学信息、SRS 使用情况和身体测量数据；从 1496 名参与者中收集了 24 小时尿液样本。参与者的平均年龄为 44.8 岁，50.1%为女性，超过 1/3（35.3%）被归类为高血压。参与者的平均 24 小时尿钠和钾排泄量分别为 167.3(72.2)mmol/24 h 和 38.2(18.2)mmol/24 h。只有 12.0%（899/7512）的参与者曾经或正在使用 SRS；在 899 名使用者中，73.4%知道如何正确使用 SRS，只有 46.5%实际上正确使用。SRS 的使用更多地与行为因素相关，而不是与社会人口因素相关。医疗保健提供者启动 SRS 使用与 SRS 技术知识的正确掌握相关。SRS 使用与较低的钠钾比相关，而 SRS 使用与尿钠和钾排泄量无关。SRS 的使用在中国浙江省并不常见。鉴于中国钠的一个主要来源是烹饪时添加的盐，因此使用 SRS 是一种很有吸引力的策略，理想情况下，这是多组分运动的一部分。
