Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain.
Department of Obstetrics, Hospital do Salnés, Villgarcía de Aurousa, 36619 Pontevendra, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 24;18(7):3359. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073359.
Obstetric violence is a worldwide public health problem, which seems greater in Spain. As no studies were found that identify the most representative healthcare professionals, times, and areas involved in obstetric violence, the objective of this work was to study at what time of maternity, with which professionals, and in what areas women identified obstetric violence.
This descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019. The main variables were the area (hospital, primary care, both), the time (pregnancy, birth, puerperium), and the professionals attending to women.
Our sample comprised 17,541 participants. The area identified with the most obstetric violence for the different studied variables was hospitals. Women identified more obstetric violence at time of birth. Findings such as lack of information and informed consent (74.2%), and criticism of infantile behavior and treatment (87.6%), stood out. The main identified healthcare professionals were midwives and gynecologists, and "other" professionals repeatedly appeared.
Having identified the professionals, times, and areas of most obstetric violence in Spain, it seems necessary to reflect on not only the Spanish National Health System's structure and management but also on healthcare professionals' training.
产科暴力是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，在西班牙似乎更为严重。由于没有发现研究能够确定最具代表性的医疗保健专业人员、时间和涉及产科暴力的领域，因此本研究的目的是研究女性在何时、与哪些专业人员以及在哪些领域中识别产科暴力。
这是一项描述性、回顾性和横断面研究，于 2018 年 1 月至 2019 年 6 月进行。主要变量是区域（医院、初级保健、两者兼有）、时间（妊娠、分娩、产褥期）和为妇女提供服务的专业人员。
我们的样本包括 17541 名参与者。不同研究变量中，被认为存在产科暴力最多的区域是医院。女性在分娩时更能识别出产科暴力。突出的发现包括缺乏信息和知情同意（74.2%），以及对婴儿行为和治疗的批评（87.6%）。主要识别出的医疗保健专业人员是助产士和妇科医生，而“其他”专业人员则反复出现。
在西班牙确定了产科暴力最严重的专业人员、时间和区域，似乎有必要不仅要反思西班牙国家卫生系统的结构和管理，还要反思医疗保健专业人员的培训。
