González-de la Torre Héctor, González-Artero Paula Nikola, Muñoz de León-Ortega Daniel, Lancha-de la Cruz María Reyes, Verdú-Soriano José
Department of Nursing, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio Ciencias de la Salud, C/Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, CP 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Research Support Unit of Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, Avda Marítima del Sur s/n, CP 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Nurs Rep. 2023 Oct 3;13(4):1368-1387. doi: 10.3390/nursrep13040115.
Obstetric violence refers to dehumanized or derogative treatment of women in their pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum periods and may be manifested in different ways. Currently, there is no tool validated in Spain to measure women's perception of obstetric violence. The objective of this study was to carry out the cultural adaptation and validation of an existing 14-item obstetric violence scale in the Spanish context and to evaluate its psychometric properties. The research was conducted in two phases: first, a methodological study designed to evaluate content validity, through assessments by eight experts (calculating the Aiken V coefficient) and face validity in a sample of 20 women; second, a cross-sectional study to evaluate construct validity (through confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis), divergent validity against a scale of birth satisfaction, known-groups validity and, finally, reliability. In Phase 1, Aiken V values higher than 0.71 were obtained for all items. Phase 2 was conducted on a sample of 256 women and the fit values for the unidimensional model were RMSEA: 0.070 (95% CI: 0.059-0.105) and GFI: 0.982 (95% CI: 0.823-0.990). The Rasch analysis indicated poor performance of item 2, which was removed. The Omega and Cronbach's Alpha coefficients were 0.863 and 0.860, respectively. A final 13-item version of the Obstetric Violence Scale was produced, with a total score ranging from 0 (no obstetric violence perception) to 52 (maximum obstetric violence perception). The Obstetric Violence Scale is a reliable and useful tool to measure women's perception of obstetric violence. This study was not registered.
产科暴力是指在女性怀孕、分娩或产后期间对其进行的非人性化或贬低性对待，可能有不同的表现形式。目前，西班牙尚无经过验证的工具来衡量女性对产科暴力的感知。本研究的目的是在西班牙背景下对现有的14项产科暴力量表进行文化调适和验证，并评估其心理测量特性。该研究分两个阶段进行：第一阶段，进行一项方法学研究，旨在通过8位专家的评估（计算艾肯V系数）来评估内容效度，并在20名女性样本中评估表面效度；第二阶段，进行一项横断面研究，以评估结构效度（通过验证性因素分析和拉施分析）、与分娩满意度量表的区分效度、已知群体效度，最后评估信度。在第一阶段，所有项目的艾肯V值均高于0.71。第二阶段在256名女性样本上进行，单维模型的拟合值为：RMSEA：0.070（95%CI：0.059 - 0.105）和GFI：0.982（95%CI：0.823 - 0.990）。拉施分析表明第2项表现不佳，将其删除。欧米伽系数和克朗巴哈α系数分别为0.863和0.860。最终生成了一个13项的产科暴力量表版本，总分范围从0（无产科暴力感知）到52（最大产科暴力感知）。产科暴力量表是衡量女性对产科暴力感知的可靠且有用的工具。本研究未进行注册。
