Department of Morphology and Pathology, Medical College of Jundiai, Jundiaí, São Paulo 13202-550, SP, Brazil.
Interunit Postgraduate Program in Bioengineering (EESC/FMRP/IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil.
Molecules. 2021 Mar 13;26(6):1598. doi: 10.3390/molecules26061598.
Autologous bone grafts, used mainly in extensive bone loss, are considered the gold standard treatment in regenerative medicine, but still have limitations mainly in relation to the amount of bone available, donor area, morbidity and creation of additional surgical area. This fact encourages tissue engineering in relation to the need to develop new biomaterials, from sources other than the individual himself. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of an elastin and collagen matrix on the bone repair process in critical size defects in rat calvaria. The animals (Wistar rats, 30) were submitted to a surgical procedure to create the bone defect and were divided into three groups: Control Group (CG, 10), defects filled with blood clot; E24/37 Group (E24/37, 10), defects filled with bovine elastin matrix hydrolyzed for 24 h at 37 °C and C24/25 Group (C24/25, 10), defects filled with porcine collagen matrix hydrolyzed for 24 h at 25 °C. Macroscopic and radiographic analyses demonstrated the absence of inflammatory signs and infection. Microtomographical 2D and 3D images showed centripetal bone growth and restricted margins of the bone defect. Histologically, the images confirmed the pattern of bone deposition at the margins of the remaining bone and without complete closure by bone tissue. In the morphometric analysis, the groups E24/37 and C24/25 (13.68 ± 1.44; 53.20 ± 4.47, respectively) showed statistically significant differences in relation to the CG (5.86 ± 2.87). It was concluded that the matrices used as scaffolds are biocompatible and increase the formation of new bone in a critical size defect, with greater formation in the polymer derived from the intestinal serous layer of porcine origin (C24/25).
自体骨移植物主要用于广泛的骨质流失，被认为是再生医学中的金标准治疗方法，但仍存在主要与可用骨量、供区、发病率和额外手术区创建相关的局限性。这一事实促使人们在组织工程方面进行研究，以满足开发新型生物材料的需求，这些生物材料来自个体自身以外的来源。因此，本研究旨在探讨弹性蛋白和胶原蛋白基质对大鼠颅骨临界尺寸缺损骨修复过程的影响。将动物（Wistar 大鼠，30 只）进行手术以创建骨缺损，并分为三组：对照组（CG，10 只），缺损中填充血凝块；E24/37 组（E24/37，10 只），缺损中填充在 37°C 下水解 24 小时的牛弹性蛋白基质；C24/25 组（C24/25，10 只），缺损中填充在 25°C 下水解 24 小时的猪胶原蛋白基质。宏观和放射学分析显示无炎症和感染迹象。二维和三维微断层图像显示骨向心性生长，骨缺损边缘受限。组织学图像证实了剩余骨边缘的骨沉积模式，且无骨组织完全闭合。在形态计量学分析中，E24/37 组和 C24/25 组（分别为 13.68 ± 1.44；53.20 ± 4.47）与 CG（5.86 ± 2.87）相比有统计学差异。结论是，作为支架使用的基质具有生物相容性，并在临界尺寸缺损中增加新骨的形成，其中源自猪肠浆膜层的聚合物（C24/25）的形成更大。
