Zhang Peng, Zhang Yongqi, Wang Xuan, Yang Jiaming, Han Wenbin
Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Mar 25;14(7):1596. doi: 10.3390/ma14071596.
Blending thermoplastic elastomers into polypropylene (PP) can make it have great potential for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) cable insulation by improving its toughness. However, when a large amount of thermoplastic elastomer is blended, the electrical strength of PP will be decreased consequently, which cannot meet the electrical requirements of HVDC cables. To solve this problem, in this paper, the inherent structure of thermoplastic elastomer SEBS was used to construct acetophenone structural units on its benzene ring through Friedel-Crafts acylation, making it a voltage stabilizer that can enhance the electrical strength of the polymer. The DC electrical insulation properties and mechanical properties of acetylated SEBS (Ac-SEBS)/PP were investigated in this paper. The results showed that by doping 30% Ac-SEBS into PP, the acetophenone structural unit on Ac-SEBS remarkably increased the DC breakdown field strength of SEBS/PP by absorbing high-energy electrons. When the degree of acetylation reached 4.6%, the DC breakdown field strength of Ac-SEBS/ PP increased by 22.4% and was a little higher than that of PP. Ac-SEBS, with high electron affinity, is also able to reduce carrier mobility through electron capture, resulting in lower conductivity currents in SEBS/PP and suppressing space charge accumulation to a certain extent, which enhances the insulation properties. Besides, the highly flexible Ac-SEBS can maintain the toughening effect of SEBS, resulting in a remarkable increase in the tensile strength and elongation at the break of PP. Therefore, Ac-SEBS/PP blends possess excellent insulation properties and mechanical properties simultaneously, which are promising as insulation materials for HVDC cables.
将热塑性弹性体与聚丙烯(PP)共混,可以通过提高其韧性,使其在高压直流(HVDC)电缆绝缘方面具有巨大潜力。然而,当大量热塑性弹性体共混时,PP的电气强度会随之降低,无法满足HVDC电缆的电气要求。为了解决这个问题,本文利用热塑性弹性体SEBS的固有结构,通过傅克酰基化反应在其苯环上构建苯乙酮结构单元,使其成为一种能够提高聚合物电气强度的电压稳定剂。本文研究了乙酰化SEBS(Ac-SEBS)/PP的直流电气绝缘性能和力学性能。结果表明,通过在PP中掺杂30%的Ac-SEBS,Ac-SEBS上的苯乙酮结构单元通过吸收高能电子显著提高了SEBS/PP的直流击穿场强。当乙酰化程度达到4.6%时,Ac-SEBS/PP的直流击穿场强提高了22.4%,略高于PP。具有高电子亲和力的Ac-SEBS还能够通过电子捕获降低载流子迁移率,从而降低SEBS/PP中的传导电流,并在一定程度上抑制空间电荷积累,进而提高绝缘性能。此外,高度柔性的Ac-SEBS能够保持SEBS的增韧效果,使PP的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率显著提高。因此,Ac-SEBS/PP共混物同时具有优异的绝缘性能和力学性能,有望成为HVDC电缆的绝缘材料。