Morello Sara, Pederiva Sabina, Avolio Rosa, Amato Giuseppina, Zoppi Simona, Di Blasio Alessia, Abete Maria Cesarina, Casalone Cristina, Desiato Rosanna, Ru Giuseppe, Marchis Daniela
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
Italian National Reference Laboratory of Animal Proteins in Feed (NRL-AP), 10154 Turin, Italy.
Foods. 2021 Mar 25;10(4):696. doi: 10.3390/foods10040696.
In 2013, the European Union (EU) lifted the feed ban restriction, authorizing the use of non-ruminant (NR) processed animal proteins (PAPs) as ingredient in aquafeed. A further relaxation is soon expected, and NR PAPs will be allowed in next future in poultry and pig feed, avoiding cannibalism. Other potential hazards linked to PAPs as raw material should be evaluated. Antibiotics administered along the lifecycle of animals may leave residue in tissues and bones and still be present in PAPs. This monitoring study aimed to determine tetracyclines (TCLs), known to cumulate in bones, in PAPs and their possible residual antibiotic activity (RAC). A sensitive Liquid Chromatography coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of TCLs in PAPs was developed and applied to 55 PAPs from EU manufactures. Most PAP samples ( = 40) contained TCLs (concentrations 25.59 ÷ 456.84 µg kg). Among samples containing more than 25 µg kg for at least three TCLs, three PAPs were chosen for RAC test before and after TCLs extraction procedure applying an in vitro acidic digestion: in two out of those three samples, RAC was observed after in vitro digestion. TCLs were determined in the digested PAPs (concentrations 26.07 ÷ 64.55 µg kg). The detection of TCLs in PAPs should promptly target the risk assessments of this unconsidered way of exposure to antibiotic residues.
2013年，欧盟取消了饲料禁令限制，批准将非反刍动物（NR）加工动物蛋白（PAPs）用作水产饲料的成分。预计不久将进一步放宽限制，未来家禽和猪饲料中将允许使用NR PAPs，以避免同类相食。还应评估与PAPs作为原材料相关的其他潜在危害。动物生命周期中使用的抗生素可能会在组织和骨骼中残留，并仍存在于PAPs中。这项监测研究旨在测定已知会在骨骼中累积的四环素（TCLs）在PAPs中的含量及其可能的残留抗生素活性（RAC）。开发了一种灵敏的液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）方法用于定量PAPs中的TCLs，并将其应用于来自欧盟制造商的55种PAPs。大多数PAP样品（n = 40）含有TCLs（浓度为25.59÷456.84 µg/kg）。在至少三种TCLs含量超过25 µg/kg的样品中，选择了三种PAPs在TCLs提取程序前后进行体外酸性消化的RAC测试：在这三个样品中的两个中，体外消化后观察到了RAC。在消化后的PAPs中测定了TCLs（浓度为26.07÷64.55 µg/kg）。PAPs中TCLs的检测应迅速针对这种未考虑的抗生素残留暴露途径的风险评估。
