Cox Ronald B, deSouza Darcey K, Bao Juan, Lin Hua, Sahbaz Sumeyra, Greder Kimberly A, Larzelere Robert E, Washburn Isaac J, Leon-Cartagena Maritza, Arredondo-Lopez Alma
Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Children (Basel). 2021 Mar 25;8(4):256. doi: 10.3390/children8040256.
In this paper we make the case for Shared Language Erosion as a potential explanation for the negative outcomes described in the immigrant paradox for second- and third- generation immigrants (e.g., declines in physical, mental, and behavioral health). While not negating the important role of cultural adaptation, we posit that parent-child communication difficulties due to a process we are calling Shared Language Erosion is driving the observed affects previously attributed to changes in cultural values and beliefs. Shared Language Erosion is the process during which adolescents improve their English skills while simultaneously losing or failing to develop their heritage language; at the same time their parents acquire English at a much slower rate. This lack of a common shared language makes it difficult for parents and their adolescent children to effectively communicate with each other, and leads to increased parent-child conflict, reduced parental competence, aggravated preexisting flaws in parent-child attachment, and increased adolescent vulnerability to deviant peer influences.
在本文中，我们提出“共享语言侵蚀”这一观点，作为对第二代和第三代移民“移民悖论”中所描述的负面结果（例如身心健康和行为健康的下降）的一种潜在解释。在不否定文化适应重要作用的同时，我们认为，由于一个我们称之为“共享语言侵蚀”的过程导致的亲子沟通困难，正在推动此前归因于文化价值观和信仰变化的那些已观察到的影响。“共享语言侵蚀”是指青少年在提高英语技能的同时，母语逐渐丧失或未能得到发展的过程；与此同时，他们的父母学习英语的速度要慢得多。这种缺乏共同共享语言的情况使得父母与处于青春期的孩子难以有效地相互沟通，进而导致亲子冲突增加、父母能力下降、亲子依恋关系中先前存在的缺陷加剧，以及青少年更容易受到不良同伴影响。
