Acín Cristina, Bolea Rosa, Monzón Marta, Monleón Eva, Moreno Bernardino, Filali Hicham, Marín Belén, Sola Diego, Betancor Marina, Guijarro Isabel M, García Mirta, Vargas Antonia, Badiola Juan José
Research Centre for TSE and Emerging Transmissible Diseases, Veterinary Faculty C/Miguel Servet 177, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 4;11(3):691. doi: 10.3390/ani11030691.
Prion diseases, such as scrapie, are neurodegenerative diseases with a fatal outcome, caused by a conformational change of the cellular prion protein (PrP), originating with the pathogenic form (PrP). Classical scrapie in small ruminants is the paradigm of prion diseases, as it was the first transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) described and is the most studied. It is necessary to understand the etiological properties, the relevance of the transmission pathways, the infectivity of the tissues, and how we can improve the detection of the prion protein to encourage detection of the disease. The aim of this review is to perform an overview of classical and atypical scrapie disease in sheep and goats, detailing those special issues of the disease, such as genetic factors, diagnostic procedures, and surveillance approaches carried out in the European Union with the objective of controlling the dissemination of scrapie disease.
朊病毒病，如羊瘙痒症，是一类具有致命后果的神经退行性疾病，由细胞朊蛋白（PrP）的构象变化引起，源自致病形式（PrP）。小型反刍动物的经典羊瘙痒症是朊病毒病的范例，因为它是最早被描述的可传播性海绵状脑病（TSE），且研究最多。有必要了解其病因特性、传播途径的相关性、组织的传染性，以及如何改进朊蛋白的检测以促进疾病的检测。本综述的目的是概述绵羊和山羊的经典和非典型羊瘙痒症，详细阐述该疾病的那些特殊问题，如遗传因素、诊断程序以及欧盟为控制羊瘙痒症传播而采取的监测方法。
