Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
The Regenerative Clinic, Harley Street, London W1G 6JP, UK.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 23;22(6):3271. doi: 10.3390/ijms22063271.
Adipose tissue and more specifically micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) obtained from liposuction has recently been shown to possess interesting medicinal properties whereby its application supports pain reduction and may enhance tissue regeneration particularly in osteoarthritis. Here we have characterised samples of MFAT produced using the Lipogems International Spa system from eight volunteer individuals in order to understand the critical biological mechanisms through which they act. A variation was found in the MFAT cluster size between individual samples and this translated into a similar variation in the ability of purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to form colony-forming units. Almost all of the isolated cells were CD105/CD90/CD45+ indicating stemness. An analysis of the secretions of cytokines from MFAT samples in a culture using targeted arrays and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed a long-term specific and significant expression of proteins associated with anti-inflammation (e.g., interleukin-1 receptor alpha (Il-1Rα) antagonist), pro-regeneration (e.g., hepatocyte growth factor), anti-scarring and pro-angiogenesis (e.g., transforming growth factor beta 1 and 2 (TGFβ1/2) and anti-bacterial (e.g., chemokine C-X-C motif ligand-9 (CXCL-9). Angiogenesis and angiogenic signalling were notably increased in primary bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) to a different extent in each individual sample of the conditioned medium whilst a direct capacity of the conditioned medium to block inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides was shown. This work characterises the biological mechanisms through which a strong, long-lasting, and potentially beneficial effect can be observed regarding pain reduction, protection and regeneration in osteoarthritic joints treated with MFAT.
脂肪组织，特别是从吸脂中获得的微粉碎脂肪组织（MFAT），最近显示出有趣的药用特性，其应用支持减轻疼痛，并可能增强组织再生，特别是在骨关节炎中。在这里，我们使用 Lipogems International Spa 系统从八个志愿者个体中对 MFAT 样本进行了特征描述，以了解其作用的关键生物学机制。个体样本之间发现 MFAT 簇大小存在差异，这转化为纯化间充质干细胞（MSCs）形成集落形成单位的能力也存在类似的差异。几乎所有分离出的细胞均为 CD105/CD90/CD45+，表明具有干细胞特性。使用靶向阵列和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对 MFAT 样本分泌的细胞因子进行分析表明，与抗炎（例如白细胞介素 1 受体α（Il-1Rα）拮抗剂）、促再生（例如肝细胞生长因子）、抗瘢痕形成和促血管生成（例如转化生长因子β 1 和 2（TGFβ1/2）和抗细菌（例如趋化因子 C-X-C 基序配体 9（CXCL-9）相关的蛋白具有长期特异性和显著表达。在每个个体样本的条件培养基中，对原代牛主动脉内皮细胞（BAEC）的血管生成和血管生成信号均有不同程度的显著增加，而条件培养基直接阻断脂多糖诱导的炎症的能力也得到了证实。这项工作描述了通过 MFAT 治疗骨关节炎关节可以观察到减轻疼痛、保护和再生的强大、持久和潜在有益作用的生物学机制。
