Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2021 Mar 31;11(4):521. doi: 10.3390/biom11040521.
The SLC25A20 transporter, also known as carnitine acyl-carnitine carrier (CAC), catalyzes the transport of short, medium and long carbon chain acyl-carnitines across the mitochondrial inner membrane in exchange for carnitine. The 30-year story of the protein responsible for this function started with its purification from rat liver mitochondria. Even though its 3D structure is not yet available, CAC is one of the most deeply characterized transport proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Other than functional, kinetic and mechanistic data, post-translational modifications regulating the transport activity of CAC have been revealed. CAC interactions with drugs or xenobiotics relevant to human health and toxicology and the response of the carrier function to dietary compounds have been discovered. Exploiting combined approaches of site-directed mutagenesis with chemical targeting and bioinformatics, a large set of data on structure/function relationships have been obtained, giving novel information on the molecular mechanism of the transport catalyzed by this protein.
SLC25A20 转运体，也称为肉碱酰基肉碱载体 (CAC)，在体内催化短、中、长链酰基辅酶 A 与肉碱的交换跨线粒体内膜转运。负责该功能的蛋白质的 30 年研究历史始于其从大鼠肝线粒体中的纯化。尽管其 3D 结构尚不可用，但 CAC 是线粒体内膜中研究最为深入的转运蛋白之一。除了功能、动力学和机制数据外，还揭示了调节 CAC 转运活性的翻译后修饰。已经发现 CAC 与与人类健康和毒理学相关的药物或外源性化合物的相互作用，以及载体功能对膳食化合物的反应。通过结合定点诱变与化学靶向和生物信息学的方法，获得了大量关于结构/功能关系的数据，为该蛋白介导的转运的分子机制提供了新的信息。
