Dong Thi-Thu-Trang, Satoh Katsuya
Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
Pathogens. 2021 Mar 5;10(3):305. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10030305.
The misfolding of proteins such as the prion protein, α-synuclein, and tau represents a key initiating event for pathogenesis of most common neurodegenerative disorders, and its presence correlates with infectivity. To date, the diagnosis of these disorders mainly relied on the recognition of clinical symptoms when neurodegeneration was already at an advanced phase. In recent years, several efforts have been made to develop new diagnostic tools for the early diagnosis of prion diseases. The real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay, an in vitro assay that can indirectly detect very low amounts of PrP aggregates, has provided a very promising tool to improve the early diagnosis of human prion diseases. Over the decade since RT-QuIC was introduced, the diagnosis of not only prion diseases but also synucleinopathies and tauopathies has greatly improved. Therefore, in our study, we summarize the current trends and knowledge of RT-QuIC assays, as well as discuss the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases using RT-QuIC assays, which have been updated in recent years.
蛋白质错误折叠，如朊病毒蛋白、α-突触核蛋白和tau蛋白，是大多数常见神经退行性疾病发病机制的关键起始事件，其存在与传染性相关。迄今为止，这些疾病的诊断主要依赖于在神经退行性变已处于晚期阶段时对临床症状的识别。近年来，人们为开发朊病毒疾病的早期诊断新工具做出了多项努力。实时震颤诱导转化（RT-QuIC）检测是一种能够间接检测极少量PrP聚集体的体外检测方法，为改善人类朊病毒疾病的早期诊断提供了一个非常有前景的工具。自RT-QuIC检测方法问世以来的十年间，不仅朊病毒疾病，而且突触核蛋白病和tau蛋白病的诊断都有了很大改善。因此，在我们的研究中，我们总结了RT-QuIC检测的当前趋势和知识，并讨论了近年来使用RT-QuIC检测对神经退行性疾病的诊断。
