Ribó-Coll Margarita, Castro-Barquero Sara, Lassale Camille, Sacanella Emilio, Ros Emilio, Toledo Estefanía, Sorlí José V, Díaz-López Andrés, Lapetra José, Muñoz-Bravo Carlos, Arós Fernando, Fiol Miquel, Serra-Majem Lluis, Pinto Xavier, Castañer Olga, Fernández-Lázaro César I, Portolés Olga, Babio Nancy, Estruch Ramón, Hernáez Álvaro
August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
PhD Program in Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Mar 5;10(3):397. doi: 10.3390/antiox10030397.
Our aim was to assess whether long-term adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) were associated with a lower initiation of cardiovascular drug use. We studied the association between cumulative average of MedDiet adherence and LTPA and the risk of cardiovascular drug initiation in older adults at high cardiovascular risk (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea trial participants) non-medicated at baseline: glucose-lowering drugs ( = 4437), antihypertensives ( = 2145), statins ( = 3977), fibrates ( = 6391), antiplatelets ( = 5760), vitamin K antagonists ( = 6877), antianginal drugs ( = 6837), and cardiac glycosides ( = 6954). One-point increases in MedDiet adherence were linearly associated with a decreased initiation of glucose-lowering (HR: 0.76 [0.71-0.80]), antihypertensive (HR: 0.79 [0.75-0.82]), statin (HR: 0.82 [0.78-0.85]), fibrate (HR: 0.78 [0.68-0.89]), antiplatelet (HR: 0.79 [0.75-0.83]), vitamin K antagonist (HR: 0.83 [0.74; 0.93]), antianginal (HR: 0.84 [0.74-0.96]), and cardiac glycoside therapy (HR: 0.69 [0.56-0.84]). LTPA was non-linearly related to a delayed initiation of glucose-lowering, antihypertensive, statin, fibrate, antiplatelet, antianginal, and cardiac glycoside therapy (minimum risk: 180-360 metabolic equivalents of task-min/day). Both combined were synergistically associated with a decreased onset of glucose-lowering drugs (-interaction = 0.04), antihypertensive drugs (-interaction < 0.001), vitamin K antagonists (-interaction = 0.04), and cardiac glycosides (-interaction = 0.01). Summarizing, sustained adherence to a MedDiet and LTPA were associated with lower risk of initiating cardiovascular-related medications.
我们的目的是评估长期坚持地中海饮食（MedDiet）和休闲时间体力活动（LTPA）是否与心血管药物使用的较低起始率相关。我们研究了MedDiet依从性和LTPA的累积平均值与心血管高风险老年人（预防地中海饮食试验参与者）在基线时未服用药物情况下开始使用心血管药物的风险之间的关联：降糖药物（n = 4437）、抗高血压药物（n = 2145）、他汀类药物（n = 3977）、贝特类药物（n = 6391）、抗血小板药物（n = 5760）、维生素K拮抗剂（n = 6877）、抗心绞痛药物（n = 6837）和强心苷（n = 6954）。MedDiet依从性每增加1分与降糖药物起始率降低呈线性相关（风险比：0.76 [0.71 - 0.80]）、抗高血压药物（风险比：0.79 [0.75 - 0.82]）、他汀类药物（风险比：0.82 [0.78 - 0.85]）、贝特类药物（风险比：0.78 [0.68 - 0.89]）、抗血小板药物（风险比：0.79 [0.75 - 0.83]）、维生素K拮抗剂（风险比：0.83 [0.74; 0.93]）、抗心绞痛药物（风险比：0.84 [0.74 - 0.96]）和强心苷治疗（风险比：0.69 [0.56 - 0.84]）。LTPA与降糖、抗高血压、他汀类、贝特类、抗血小板、抗心绞痛和强心苷治疗的延迟起始呈非线性相关（最低风险：180 - 360代谢当量任务 - 分钟/天）。两者联合与降糖药物起始率降低（交互作用 = 0.04）、抗高血压药物（交互作用 < 0.001）、维生素K拮抗剂（交互作用 = 0.04）和强心苷（交互作用 = 0.01）呈协同相关。总之，持续坚持MedDiet和LTPA与开始使用心血管相关药物的较低风险相关。
