Nancarrow Narelle, Aftab Mohammad, Hollaway Grant, Rodoni Brendan, Trębicki Piotr
Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia.
Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio Centre, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 19;9(3):645. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030645.
Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is transmitted by aphids and significantly reduces the yield and quality of cereals worldwide. Four experiments investigating the effects of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) infection on either wheat or barley were conducted over three years (2015, 2017, and 2018) under typical field conditions in South-Eastern Australia. Plants inoculated with BYDV-PAV using viruliferous aphids () were harvested at maturity then grain yield and yield components were measured. Compared to the non-inoculated control, virus infection severely reduced grain yield by up to 84% (1358 kg/ha) in wheat and 64% (1456 kg/ha) in barley. The yield component most affected by virus infection was grain number, which accounted for a large proportion of the yield loss. There were no significant differences between early (seedling stage) and later (early-tillering stage) infection for any of the parameters measured (plant height, biomass, yield, grain number, 1000-grain weight or grain size) for either wheat or barley. Additionally, this study provides an estimated yield loss value, or impact factor, of 0.91% (72 kg/ha) for each one percent increase in natural BYDV-PAV background infection. Yield losses varied considerably between experiments, demonstrating the important role of cultivar and environmental factors in BYDV epidemiology and highlighting the importance of conducting these experiments under varying conditions for specific cultivar-vector-virus combinations.
大麦黄矮病毒（BYDV）通过蚜虫传播，严重降低了全球谷物的产量和品质。在澳大利亚东南部典型的田间条件下，历时三年（2015年、2017年和2018年）进行了四项实验，研究大麦黄矮病毒-PAV（BYDV-PAV）感染对小麦或大麦的影响。使用带毒蚜虫接种BYDV-PAV的植株在成熟时收获，然后测量谷物产量和产量构成因素。与未接种的对照相比，病毒感染使小麦的谷物产量严重降低了84%（1358千克/公顷），使大麦的谷物产量严重降低了64%（1456千克/公顷）。受病毒感染影响最大的产量构成因素是粒数，其在产量损失中占很大比例。对于所测量的任何参数（株高、生物量、产量、粒数、千粒重或粒大小），小麦或大麦在早期（苗期）和后期（分蘖初期）感染之间均无显著差异。此外，本研究提供了一个估计的产量损失值，即影响因子：天然BYDV-PAV背景感染每增加1%，产量损失0.91%（72千克/公顷）。不同实验之间的产量损失差异很大，这表明品种和环境因素在BYDV流行病学中起着重要作用，并突出了针对特定品种-传毒介体-病毒组合在不同条件下进行这些实验的重要性。
