Biosciences Research, Department of Economic Development Jobs, Transport and Resources, (DEDJTR), 110 Natimuk Rd, Horsham, VIC, 3400, Australia.
Biosciences Research, Department of Economic Development Jobs, Transport and Resources, (DEDJTR), 110 Natimuk Rd, Horsham, VIC, 3400, Australia.
Virus Res. 2017 Sep 15;241:137-144. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.06.027. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
The complexities behind the mechanisms associated with virus-host-vector interactions of vector-transmitted viruses, and their consequences for disease development need to be understood to reduce virus spread and disease severity. Climate has a substantial effect on viruses, vectors, host plants and their interactions. Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) is predicted to impact the interactions between them. This study, conducted under ambient and elevated CO (550μmolmol), in the Australian Grains Free Air Carbon Enrichment facility reports on natural yellow dwarf virus incidence on wheat (including Barley/Cereal yellow dwarf viruses (B/CYDV)). A range of wheat cultivars was tested using tissue blot immunoassay to determine the incidence of four yellow dwarf virus species from 2013 to 2016. In 2013, 2014 and 2016, virus incidence was high, reaching upwards of 50%, while in 2015 it was relatively low, with a maximum incidence of 3%. Across all years and most cultivars, BYDV-PAV was the most prevalent virus species. In the years with high virus incidence, a majority plots with the elevated levels of CO (eCO) were associated with increased levels of virus relative to the plots with ambient CO. In 2013, 2014 and 2016 the recorded mean percent virus incidence was higher under elevated CO when compared to ambient CO by 33%, 14% and 34%, respectively. The mechanism behind increased yellow dwarf virus incidence under elevated CO is not well understood. Potential factors involved in the higher virus incidence under elevated CO conditions are discussed.
为了减少病毒传播和疾病严重程度，需要了解与媒介传播病毒的病毒-宿主-媒介相互作用相关的机制的复杂性及其对疾病发展的影响。气候对病毒、媒介、宿主植物及其相互作用有重大影响。预计大气中二氧化碳（CO）的增加将影响它们之间的相互作用。本研究在澳大利亚谷物自由空气碳增汇设施中，在大气 CO（550μmolmol）和升高 CO 条件下进行，报告了小麦上自然黄矮病毒（包括大麦/谷类黄矮病毒（B/CYDV））的发病率。使用组织斑点免疫检测法对一系列小麦品种进行了测试，以确定 2013 年至 2016 年间四种黄矮病毒的发病率。2013 年、2014 年和 2016 年，病毒发病率较高，达到 50%以上，而 2015 年相对较低，发病率最高为 3%。在所有年份和大多数品种中，BYDV-PAV 是最流行的病毒。在病毒发病率较高的年份，与大气 CO 相比，升高 CO 水平的多数地块（eCO）与病毒水平升高相关。在 2013 年、2014 年和 2016 年，与大气 CO 相比，记录的平均病毒发病率在升高 CO 条件下分别高出 33%、14%和 34%。升高 CO 下黄矮病毒发病率增加的机制尚不清楚。讨论了升高 CO 条件下病毒发病率较高的潜在相关因素。
