Department of Economics and Business Economics, National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Acta Neurol Scand. 2021 Jul;144(1):51-57. doi: 10.1111/ane.13420. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
Febrile seizure is a common childhood disorder that affects 2-5% of all children, and is associated with later development of epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. This study determines how the incidence of febrile seizures correlates with birth characteristics, age, sex and brain development.
This is a cohort study of all children born Denmark between 1977 and 2011 who were alive at 3 months of age (N = 2,103,232). The Danish National Patient Register was used to identify children with febrile seizures up to 5 years of age. Follow-up ended on 31 December 2016 when all cohort members had potentially reached 5 years of age.
In total, 75,593 (3.59%, 95% CI: 3.57-3.62%) were diagnosed with febrile seizures. Incidence peaked at 16.7 months of age (median: 16.7 months, interquartile range: 12.5-24.0). The 5-year cumulative incidence of febrile seizures increased with decreasing birth weight (<1500 g; 5.42% (95% CI: 4.98-5.88% vs. 3,000-4,000 g; 3.53% (95% CI: 3.50-3.56%)) and with decreasing gestational age at birth (31-32 weeks; 5.90% (95% CI: 5.40-6.44%) vs. 39-40 weeks; 3.56% (95% CI: 3.53-3.60)). Lower gestational age at birth was associated with higher age at onset of a first febrile seizure; an association that essentially disappeared when correcting for age from conception.
The risk of febrile seizures increased with decreasing birth weight and gestational age at birth. The association between low gestational age at birth and age at first febrile seizure suggests that onset of febrile seizures is associated with the stage of brain development.
热性惊厥是一种常见的儿童疾病，影响所有儿童的 2-5%，与癫痫和精神障碍的后期发展有关。本研究旨在确定热性惊厥的发病率与出生特征、年龄、性别和大脑发育之间的关系。
这是一项对 1977 年至 2011 年期间在丹麦出生且在 3 个月时存活的所有儿童（N=2,103,232）的队列研究。丹麦国家患者登记处用于确定 5 岁以下儿童的热性惊厥病例。随访截止日期为 2016 年 12 月 31 日，此时所有队列成员都有可能达到 5 岁。
共有 75,593 例（3.59%，95%CI：3.57-3.62%）被诊断为热性惊厥。发病率在 16.7 个月龄时达到峰值（中位数：16.7 个月，四分位距：12.5-24.0）。随着出生体重的降低（<1500 克；5.42%（95%CI：4.98-5.88%）与 3000-4000 克；3.53%（95%CI：3.50-3.56%））和出生时的胎龄降低（31-32 周；5.90%（95%CI：5.40-6.44%）与 39-40 周；3.56%（95%CI：3.53-3.60%）），5 年热性惊厥累计发病率增加。出生时胎龄较低与首次热性惊厥发作的年龄较大有关；当从受孕开始校正年龄时，这种关联基本消失。
热性惊厥的风险随着出生体重和胎龄的降低而增加。出生时胎龄较低与首次热性惊厥发作年龄之间的关联表明，热性惊厥的发作与大脑发育阶段有关。
