Kaluba Longa, Goma Fastone, Guure Chris, Munsaka Sody, Mutale Wilbroad, Heimburger Douglas C, Chikopela Theresa, Koethe John R
School of Medicine, Cavendish University Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Eden University, Lusaka, Zambia.
South Afr J HIV Med. 2021 Mar 19;22(1):1190. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v22i1.1190. eCollection 2021.
Greater T-cell activation was associated with reduced vascular compliance amongst persons living with HIV (PLWH) especially among overweight and obese individuals. There is a paucity of data regarding immune activation and arterial stiffness amongst PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
To determine the association between immune activation and arterial stiffness in lean PLWH in SSA.
Forty-eight human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) >5 years and 26 HIV-negative adults, all with BMI < 25 kg/m and no history of CVD, were enrolled. The relationship of vascular compliance with circulating CD4+ and CD8+ naïve, memory, activated and senescent T cells, and serum 8-isoprostane was assessed by HIV status.
Increased immune activation was observed in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of PLWH, 16.7% vs. 8.9% and 22.0% vs. 12.4% respectively; < 0.001 (both). Furthermore, a higher proportion of senescent CD4+ T cells were associated with a lower carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV; = 0.01), whilst a higher proportion of activated CD8+ T cells were associated with a lower carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV; = 0.04), after adjustment for BMI and age. However, PLWH also had a higher median carotid-femoral augmentation index (cfAiX) (21.1% vs. 6.0%; < 0.05) in comparison to their HIV controls.
Our population of lean PLWH had increased immune activation and higher cfAiX, a marker of arterial stiffness, compared to HIV-negative persons. The negative association between immune activation and arterial stiffness as measured by crPWV in PLHW on long-term treatment needs further elucidation.
在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的人群（PLWH）中，尤其是超重和肥胖个体中，较高的T细胞活化与血管顺应性降低有关。关于撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区PLWH的免疫活化和动脉僵硬度的数据很少。
确定SSA地区瘦的PLWH中免疫活化与动脉僵硬度之间的关联。
招募了48名接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）超过5年的人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性（HIV+）成年人和26名HIV阴性成年人，所有参与者BMI均<25kg/m²且无心血管疾病史。根据HIV感染状况评估血管顺应性与循环中CD4+和CD8+初始、记忆、活化和衰老T细胞以及血清8-异前列腺素的关系。
在PLWH的CD4+和CD8+T细胞中观察到免疫活化增加，分别为16.7%对8.9%和22.0%对12.4%；两者均P<0.001。此外，在调整BMI和年龄后，较高比例的衰老CD4+T细胞与较低的颈股脉搏波速度（cfPWV；P=0.01）相关，而较高比例的活化CD8+T细胞与较低的颈桡脉搏波速度（crPWV；P=0.04）相关。然而，与HIV阴性对照相比，PLWH的颈股增强指数（cfAiX）中位数也更高（21.1%对6.0%；P<0.05）。
与HIV阴性者相比，我们研究中的瘦PLWH人群免疫活化增加且cfAiX更高，cfAiX是动脉僵硬度的一个指标。长期接受治疗的PLWH中免疫活化与通过crPWV测量的动脉僵硬度之间的负相关关系需要进一步阐明。
