McIntire Russell K, Scalzo Lia, Doran Cierrah, Bucher Katie, Juon Hee-Soon
Jefferson College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut Street; 10th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
Community College of Philadelphia, 1700 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19130, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2022 Jun;9(3):946-953. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01033-4. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
Among U.S. Hispanic immigrants and all other Hispanics living in the USA, heart disease is the leading cause of death. Meanwhile, the prevalence of hypertension among Mexican Americans, a subgroup of the U.S. Hispanic population, is rising. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension diagnosis and to determine the association between acculturation and hypertension among Mexican Americans and Other Hispanics in California.
Using data from the 2014 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), we performed multivariable logistic regression to identify whether acculturation (measured by self-reported duration of U.S. residence) predicted hypertension diagnoses, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, poverty level), body mass index, health insurance coverage, and cigarette smoking.
Of 3793 Hispanics who participated in the survey, 81.8% were Mexican Americans, and 18.2% were Other Hispanics. The prevalence of hypertension among Hispanics was 24.0% (95% CI: 21.5-26.7), which was lower than that of African Americans (40.3%, 95% CI 34.2-46.7) and Whites (31.8%, 95% CI: 29.7-34.0). In the multivariable regression analysis, acculturation was associated with hypertension for Mexican Americans (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI, 1.24-2.36) and Other Hispanics (aOR = 2.77, 95% CI, 1.71-4.51).
The results show a positive association between acculturation in the USA and hypertension diagnoses among Mexican Americans and Other Hispanics. The findings can help public health practitioners, medical providers, policymakers, and others better understand the potential influences of acculturation on Hispanic immigrants' health and inform the creation of culturally sensitive health promotion materials.
在美国的西班牙裔移民以及生活在美国的所有其他西班牙裔人群中，心脏病是主要死因。与此同时，美国西班牙裔人群的一个亚组——墨西哥裔美国人中高血压的患病率正在上升。本研究的目的是估计高血压诊断的患病率，并确定加利福尼亚州墨西哥裔美国人和其他西班牙裔人群中文化适应与高血压之间的关联。
利用2014年加利福尼亚健康访谈调查（CHIS）的数据，在控制了社会人口学特征（如年龄、性别、贫困水平）、体重指数、医疗保险覆盖范围和吸烟情况后，我们进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定文化适应（通过自我报告在美国居住的时长来衡量）是否能预测高血压诊断情况。
参与调查的3793名西班牙裔中，81.8%为墨西哥裔美国人，18.2%为其他西班牙裔。西班牙裔人群中高血压的患病率为24.0%（95%置信区间：21.5 - 26.7），低于非裔美国人（40.3%，95%置信区间34.2 - 46.7）和白人（31.8%，95%置信区间：29.7 - 34.0）。在多变量回归分析中，文化适应与墨西哥裔美国人（调整后比值比 = 1.71，95%置信区间，1.24 - 2.36）和其他西班牙裔人群（调整后比值比 = 2.77，95%置信区间，1.71 - 4.51）的高血压有关。
结果表明，在美国的文化适应与墨西哥裔美国人和其他西班牙裔人群的高血压诊断之间存在正相关。这些发现有助于公共卫生从业者、医疗服务提供者、政策制定者及其他人员更好地理解文化适应对西班牙裔移民健康可能产生的影响，并为制定具有文化敏感性的健康促进材料提供参考。
