Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
Departamento Académico de Biología Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Pampa Grande 24000, Tumbes, Peru.
World J Gastroenterol. 2021 Apr 7;27(13):1255-1266. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i13.1255.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can progress to a severe respiratory and systemic disease named coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The most common symptoms are fever and respiratory discomfort. Nevertheless, gastrointestinal infections have been reported, with symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and lack of appetite. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 can remain positive in fecal samples after nasopharyngeal clearance. After gastrointestinal SARS-CoV-2 infection and other viral gastrointestinal infections, some patients may develop alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota. In addition, some COVID-19 patients may receive antibiotics, which may also disturb gastrointestinal homeostasis. In summary, the gastrointestinal system, gut microbiome, and gut-lung axis may represent an important role in the development, severity, and treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, we explore the current pieces of evidence of COVID-19 gastrointestinal manifestations, possible implications, and interventions.
严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染可进展为一种严重的呼吸系统和全身性疾病，称为 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。最常见的症状是发热和呼吸不适。然而，已经报道了胃肠道感染，其症状包括腹泻、恶心、呕吐、腹痛和食欲不振。重要的是，鼻咽清除后粪便样本中仍可检测到 SARS-CoV-2。在胃肠道 SARS-CoV-2 感染和其他病毒性胃肠道感染后，一些患者可能会出现胃肠道微生物组的改变。此外，一些 COVID-19 患者可能会接受抗生素治疗，这也可能会扰乱胃肠道的稳态。总之，胃肠道系统、肠道微生物组和肠-肺轴可能在 COVID-19 的发生、严重程度和治疗中起重要作用。因此，在这篇综述中，我们探讨了 COVID-19 胃肠道表现的现有证据、可能的影响和干预措施。
