埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴三级教学医院肿瘤科护士对细胞毒性药物安全处理的知识与实践
Knowledge and Practices on the Safe Handling of Cytotoxic Drugs Among Oncology Nurses Working at Tertiary Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
作者信息
Asefa Selamawit, Aga Fekadu, Dinegde Negalign Getahun, Demie Takele Gezahegn
机构信息
Oncology Unit, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2021 Mar 29;13:71-80. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S289025. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Cytotoxic drugs (CDs) administration and occupational exposure is a worldwide concern. Inappropriate handling may cause toxic residues to infiltrate hospital environments and patient care areas, and can even be traced to patients' homes. Hence, the study sought to assess knowledge and practices on the safe handling of cytotoxic drugs Among Oncology Nurses at Tertiary Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
METHODS
The researchers conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study among 77 nurses from April 1-30, 2019. Purposive sampling was used in recruiting the respondents. Structured questionnaires were filled through self-administered interviewing. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Multiple linear regression was performed to see the association between dependent variables and independent variables at a p-value of less than 0.05.
RESULTS
Mean score of knowledge and practice of nurses was 7.82±2.22 out of 15 and 22.1±5.50 out of 40 respectively. Nearly 69% of nurses reported the lack of training program on the handling of CDs at their workplaces and the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) remains suboptimal as none used all of PPE. Nurses who had not heard about CDs had an average knowledge score of 0.33 points lower than nurses who had heard about CDs (p ≤ 0.01). Nurses who have scored higher knowledge points had 0.33 points more practice score of safe CD handling than those who had lower knowledge score (p < 0.05) and also married nurses had average safe CDs handling practice score 0.27 points lower than their counterparts (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Nurses' knowledge and practice of safe handling of cytotoxic drugs are inadequate. Nurses who have scored higher knowledge points and are married were more likely to practice safe CD handling. Provision of proper PPE and training regarding the handling of CDs for Oncology Nurses are recommended and chemotherapy safety protocol and guidelines should be established.
背景
细胞毒性药物（CDs）的给药及职业暴露是一个全球性问题。不当操作可能导致有毒残留物渗入医院环境和患者护理区域，甚至可能扩散到患者家中。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴三级教学医院肿瘤护士对细胞毒性药物安全处理的知识和实践情况。
方法
研究人员于2019年4月1日至30日在77名护士中开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究。采用目的抽样法招募受访者。通过自填式访谈填写结构化问卷。使用SPSS 23版软件进行数据分析。采用多元线性回归分析，以p值小于0.05来观察因变量和自变量之间的关联。
结果
护士的知识和实践平均得分分别为15分制中的7.82±2.22分和40分制中的22.1±5.50分。近69%的护士报告称其工作场所缺乏细胞毒性药物处理方面的培训项目，个人防护装备（PPE）的使用仍不理想，因为没有护士使用了所有的个人防护装备。未听说过细胞毒性药物的护士平均知识得分比听说过的护士低0.33分（p≤0.01）。知识得分较高的护士在细胞毒性药物安全处理方面的实践得分比知识得分较低的护士高0.33分（p<0.05），而且已婚护士的细胞毒性药物安全处理实践平均得分比未婚护士低0.27分（p<0.05）。
结论
护士对细胞毒性药物安全处理的知识和实践不足。知识得分较高且已婚的护士更有可能安全地处理细胞毒性药物。建议为肿瘤护士提供适当的个人防护装备并开展细胞毒性药物处理方面的培训，同时应制定化疗安全协议和指南。
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