Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2021 Dec;28(6):801-807. doi: 10.1007/s12529-021-09970-4. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
Slowing the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) requires behavioral changes such as physical distancing (e.g., staying a 6-foot distance from others, avoiding mass gatherings, reducing houseguests), wearing masks, reducing trips to nonessential business establishments, and increasing hand washing. Like other health behaviors, COVID-19 related behaviors may be related to risk representations. Risk representations are the cognitive responses a person holds about illness risk such as, identity (i.e., label/characteristics of risk), cause (i.e., factors causing condition), timeline (i.e., onset/duration of risk), consequences (i.e., intrapersonal/interpersonal outcomes), behavioral efficacy (i.e., if and how the condition can be controlled/treated), and illness risk coherence (i.e., extent to which representations, behaviors, and beliefs are congruent). The current study applies the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM-SR) to evaluate how risk representations may relate to COVID-19 protective and risk behaviors.
Participants include 400 workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk aged ≥ 18 years and US residents. Participants completed an online survey measuring risk representations (B-IPQ) and COVID-19 related behaviors, specifically, physical distancing, hand washing, and shopping frequency.
Risk coherence, consequences, timeline, emotional representation, and behavioral efficacy were related to risk and protective behaviors.
Risk representations vary in their relationship to COVID-19 risk and protective behaviors. Implications include the importance of coherent, targeted, consistent health communication, and effective health policy in mitigating the spread of COVID-19.
减缓新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）的传播需要行为改变，例如保持身体距离（例如，与他人保持 6 英尺的距离，避免大规模集会，减少访客），佩戴口罩，减少前往非必要商业场所的次数，并增加洗手次数。与其他健康行为一样，COVID-19 相关行为可能与风险表示有关。风险表示是一个人对疾病风险的认知反应，例如，身份（即风险的标签/特征）、原因（即导致疾病的因素）、时间线（即风险的开始/持续时间）、后果（即个人/人际后果）、行为效力（即如果和如何控制/治疗疾病）和疾病风险一致性（即表示、行为和信念的一致性程度）。本研究应用自我调节的常识模型（CSM-SR）来评估风险表示如何与 COVID-19 保护和风险行为相关。
参与者包括年龄≥18 岁且为美国居民的 400 名亚马逊 Mechanical Turk 的工人。参与者完成了一项在线调查，测量风险表示（B-IPQ）和 COVID-19 相关行为，具体包括身体距离、洗手和购物频率。
风险一致性、后果、时间线、情感表示和行为效力与风险和保护行为有关。
风险表示与 COVID-19 风险和保护行为的关系各不相同。这意味着需要进行一致、有针对性、一致的健康沟通，并采取有效的健康政策，以减轻 COVID-19 的传播。
