Nursing Academic Department, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima District, Lima Region, Peru.
Departamento de Ciencias, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Santiago de Surco, Lima, Peru, Peru.
F1000Res. 2023 Oct 30;12:919. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.138838.2. eCollection 2023.
The perception of risk regarding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been widely researched due to its association with the adoption of preventive measures. In addition, since the onset of vaccination, it has been reported that the population perceives a lower risk of getting infected. However, few studies have analyzed the factors associated with risk perception in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the risk perception of contracting COVID-19 and sociodemographic characteristics in Peruvian population. An analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in four cities in Peru from October to December, 2021. The sample consisted of 821 individuals aged 18 years and older. A virtual questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and assess the risk perception of contracting coronavirus based on the Health Belief Model. The process of back-translation, expert judgment, and reliability analysis using split-half correlation was conducted. Student's t-tests, analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey's test, and Spearman's correlation were employed. Of the participants, 53.71% were women and 73.3% had a higher education level, 45.55% are self-employed, and 40.44% did not have a family member infected with COVID-19. The risk perception of COVID-19 infection was associated with participants' family antecedent of COVID-19 (p < 0.05). Regarding the factors analyzed, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 was associated with age (p=0.002), occupation (p<0.05), and a history of COVID-19 (p<0.05), while the perceived benefits of adopting preventive measures against this disease were associated with educational level (p < 0.001). The risk perception of contracting COVID-19 was higher among whose had multiple infected relatives.. Furthermore, the perception of susceptibility and the perceived benefits of using preventive measures were associated with sociodemographic characteristics.
由于与预防措施的采用有关，因此对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）风险的感知已得到广泛研究。此外，自从接种疫苗开始以来，据报道，人们认为感染的风险较低。然而，很少有研究分析与中低收入国家风险感知相关的因素。本研究旨在确定秘鲁人群中 COVID-19 感染风险感知与社会人口特征之间的关联。 2021 年 10 月至 12 月，在秘鲁的四个城市进行了一项分析性和横断面研究。样本由 821 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的个体组成。使用虚拟问卷收集社会人口统计学数据，并根据健康信念模型评估感染冠状病毒的风险感知。进行了反向翻译、专家判断和使用分半相关的可靠性分析。使用学生 t 检验、方差分析和事后 Tukey 检验以及 Spearman 相关性进行分析。 参与者中，53.71%为女性，73.3%具有高等教育水平，45.55%为个体经营者，40.44%的人没有家庭成员感染 COVID-19。COVID-19 感染风险感知与参与者的 COVID-19 家族史有关（p <0.05）。关于分析的因素，对 COVID-19 易感性的感知与年龄（p=0.002）、职业（p<0.05）和 COVID-19 病史（p<0.05）有关，而对采取预防措施的好处的感知与教育程度有关（p < 0.001）。 有多个感染亲属的人感染 COVID-19 的风险感知更高。此外，对易感性的感知和对使用预防措施的好处的感知与社会人口特征有关。
