Pharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1, A.Migliorati street, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2021 Jun;21(6):498-503. doi: 10.1007/s12012-021-09649-y. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
In March 2019 began the global pandemic COVID-19 caused by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in November-19 in Wuhan, China. The preventive measures taken did not prevent the rapid spread of the virus to all countries around the world. To date, there are about 2.54 million deaths, effective vaccines are in clinical trials. SARS-CoV-2 uses the ACE-2 protein as an intracellular gateway. ACE-2 is a key component of the Renin Angiotensin (RAS) system, a key regulator of cardiovascular function. Considering the key role of ACE-2 in COVID-19 infection, both as an entry receptor and as a protective role, especially for the respiratory tract, and considering the variations of ACE-2 and ACE during the stages of viral infection, it is clear the important role that the pharmacological regulation of RAS and ACE-2 can assume. This biological knowledge suggests different pharmacological approaches to treat COVID-19 by modulating RAS, ACE-2 and the ACE/ACE2 balance that we describe in this article.
2019 年 3 月，由新型冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 引起的全球大流行 COVID-19 开始了。SARS-CoV-2 的首例感染发生在中国武汉的 19 年 11 月。采取的预防措施并没有阻止病毒迅速传播到世界各地。迄今为止，约有 254 万人死亡，有效的疫苗正在临床试验中。SARS-CoV-2 使用 ACE-2 蛋白作为细胞内入口。ACE-2 是肾素血管紧张素（RAS）系统的关键组成部分，是心血管功能的关键调节剂。考虑到 ACE-2 在 COVID-19 感染中的关键作用，既是进入受体，又是保护作用，特别是在呼吸道中，并且考虑到 ACE-2 和 ACE 在病毒感染阶段的变化，很明显，RAS 和 ACE-2 的药理学调节可以起到重要作用。这种生物学知识表明，可以通过调节 RAS、ACE-2 和 ACE/ACE2 平衡来采用不同的药理学方法来治疗 COVID-19，我们在本文中对此进行了描述。
