Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144, Rome, Italy.
Pharmaceutical Department, Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Dell'amicizia Street 22, 80035, Nola, Naples, Italy.
Inflammopharmacology. 2023 Apr;31(2):603-610. doi: 10.1007/s10787-023-01145-9. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
The human microbiota is the good part of the human organism and is a collection of symbiotic microorganisms which aid in human physiological functions. Diseases that can be generated by an altered microbiota are continuously being studied, but it is quite evident how a damaged microbiota is involved in chronic inflammatory diseases, psychiatric diseases, and some bacterial or viral infections. However, the role of the microbiota in the host immune response to bacterial and viral infections is still not entirely understood. Metabolites or components which are produced by the microbiota are useful in mediating microbiota-host interactions, thus influencing the host's immune capacity. Recent evidence shows that the microbiota is evidently altered in patients with viral infections such as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). In this review, the associations between microbiota and COVID-19 infection are highlighted in terms of biological and clinical significance by emphasizing the mechanisms through which metabolites produced by the microbiota modulate immune responses to COVID-19 infection.
人类微生物群是人体的有益部分，是共生微生物的集合，有助于人体生理功能。正在不断研究由微生物群改变引起的疾病，但很明显，受损的微生物群如何参与慢性炎症性疾病、精神疾病和一些细菌或病毒感染。然而，微生物群在宿主对细菌和病毒感染的免疫反应中的作用尚不完全清楚。微生物群产生的代谢物或成分在介导微生物群-宿主相互作用方面很有用，从而影响宿主的免疫能力。最近的证据表明，患有病毒感染（如急性 COVID-19 后综合征 (PACS)）的患者的微生物群明显改变。在这篇综述中，强调了微生物群通过调节对 COVID-19 感染的免疫反应产生的代谢物的机制，从生物学和临床意义方面强调了微生物群与 COVID-19 感染之间的关联。
