Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(25):7072-7116. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1910482. Epub 2021 Apr 10.
Marine organisms are considered a cache of biologically active metabolites with pharmaceutical, functional, and nutraceutical properties. Among these, marine bioactive peptides (MBAs) present in diverse marine species (fish, sponges, cyanobacteria, fungi, ascidians, seaweeds, & mollusks) have acquired attention owing to their broad-spectrum health-promoting benefits. Nowadays, scientists are keener exploring marine bioactive peptides precisely due to their unique structural and biological properties. These MBAs have reported ameliorating potential against different diseases like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, HIV, cancer, oxidation, and inflammation. Furthermore, MBAs isolated from various marine organisms may also have a beneficial role in the cosmetic, nutraceutical, and food industries. Few marine peptides and their derivative are approved for commercial use, while many MBAs are in various pre-clinical and clinical trials. This review mainly focuses on the diversity of marine bioactive peptides in marine organisms and their production procedures, such as chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. Moreover, MBAs' therapeutic and biological potential has also been critically discussed herein, along with their status in drug discovery, pre-clinical and clinical trials.
海洋生物被认为是具有药用、功能和营养特性的生物活性代谢物的宝库。在这些生物活性代谢物中，存在于各种海洋物种（鱼类、海绵、蓝藻、真菌、海鞘、海藻和软体动物）中的海洋生物活性肽（MBAs）因其广泛的健康促进益处而受到关注。如今，由于其独特的结构和生物学特性，科学家们更热衷于探索海洋生物活性肽。这些 MBA 已被报道具有改善高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、HIV、癌症、氧化和炎症等不同疾病的潜力。此外，从各种海洋生物中分离出的海洋肽及其衍生物也可能在化妆品、营养保健品和食品行业中发挥有益作用。一些海洋肽及其衍生物已获准商业使用，而许多 MBA 则处于各种临床前和临床试验阶段。本文主要综述了海洋生物中海洋生物活性肽的多样性及其生产工艺，如化学和酶解。此外，还对 MBA 的治疗和生物学潜力进行了批判性讨论，并介绍了它们在药物发现、临床前和临床试验中的现状。
