Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 52, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2021 Aug;21(4):822-836. doi: 10.3758/s13415-021-00894-w. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
Faces transmit rich information about a unique personal identity. Recent studies examined how negative evaluative information affects event-related potentials (ERPs), the relevance of individual differences, such as trait anxiety, neuroticism, or agreeableness, for these effects is unclear. In this preregistered study, participants (N = 80) were presented with neutral faces, either associated with highly negative or neutral biographical information. Faces were shown under three different task conditions that varied the attentional focus on face-unrelated features, perceptual face information, or emotional information. Results showed a task-independent increase of the N170 component for faces associated with negative information, while interactions occurred for the Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) and the Late Positive Potential (LPP), showing ERP differences only when paying attention to the evaluative information. Trait anxiety and neuroticism did not influence ERP differences. Low agreeableness increased EPN differences during perceptual distraction. Thus, we observed that low agreeableness leads to early increased processing of potentially hostile faces, although participants were required to attend to a face-unrelated feature.
面部传递着关于独特个人身份的丰富信息。最近的研究考察了负面评价信息如何影响事件相关电位（ERP），而个体差异（如特质焦虑、神经质或宜人性）对这些影响的相关性尚不清楚。在这项预先注册的研究中，参与者（N=80）观看了中性面孔，这些面孔与高度负面或中性的传记信息相关联。面孔在三种不同的任务条件下呈现，这些条件改变了对与面孔无关的特征、感知面孔信息或情绪信息的注意力焦点。结果表明，与负面信息相关的面孔的 N170 成分在任务独立的情况下增加，而在早期后负波（EPN）和晚期正波（LPP）中出现了相互作用，仅在关注评价信息时才显示出 ERP 差异。特质焦虑和神经质并不影响 ERP 差异。低宜人性在感知分心时增加了 EPN 差异。因此，我们观察到低宜人性导致对潜在敌对面孔的早期处理增加，尽管参与者需要关注与面孔无关的特征。
