Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
Gestión y desarrollo urbanos, Facultad de Estudios Internacionales, Políticos y Urbanos, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021 Apr 15;15(4):e0009327. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009327. eCollection 2021 Apr.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has forced health authorities across the world to take important decisions to curtail its spread. Genomic epidemiology has emerged as a valuable tool to understand introductions and spread of the virus in a specific geographic location.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we report the sequences of 59 SARS-CoV-2 samples from inhabitants of the Colombian Amazonas department. The viral genomes were distributed in two robust clusters within the distinct GISAID clades GH and G. Spatial-temporal analyses revealed two independent introductions of SARS-CoV-2 in the region, one around April 1, 2020 associated with a local transmission, and one around April 2, 2020 associated with other South American genomes (Uruguay and Brazil). We also identified ten lineages circulating in the Amazonas department including the P.1 variant of concern (VOC).
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study represents the first genomic epidemiology investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in one of the territories with the highest report of indigenous communities of the country. Such findings are essential to decipher viral transmission, inform on global spread and to direct implementation of infection prevention and control measures for these vulnerable populations, especially, due to the recent circulation of one of the variants of concern (P.1) associated with major transmissibility and possible reinfections.
SARS-CoV-2 大流行迫使世界各地的卫生当局做出重要决定，以遏制其传播。基因组流行病学已成为了解特定地理位置的病毒传入和传播的重要工具。
方法/主要发现：在此，我们报告了来自哥伦比亚亚马逊地区居民的 59 个 SARS-CoV-2 样本的序列。这些病毒基因组分布在 GISAID 明显分支 GH 和 G 中的两个强大聚类中。时空分析显示，该地区有两次独立的 SARS-CoV-2 传入，一次发生在 2020 年 4 月 1 日左右，与当地传播有关，另一次发生在 2020 年 4 月 2 日左右，与其他南美基因组（乌拉圭和巴西）有关。我们还在亚马逊地区发现了包括关注变体（VOC）P.1 在内的 10 个流行株。
结论/意义：本研究代表了对该国报告的土著社区数量最多的领土之一的 SARS-CoV-2 进行的首次基因组流行病学调查。这些发现对于破译病毒传播、了解全球传播以及为这些弱势群体实施感染预防和控制措施至关重要，特别是由于最近一种关注变体（P.1）的流行，该变体与更高的传染性和可能的再感染有关。
