Martínez David, Gómez Marcela, Hernández Carolina, Campo-Palacio Sandra, González-Robayo Marina, Montilla Marcela, Pavas-Escobar Norma, Tovar-Acero Catalina, Geovo-Arias Lillys, Valencia-Urrutia Esilda, Córdoba-Renteria Nayade, Carrillo-Hernandez Marlen Y, Ruiz-Saenz Julian, Martinez-Gutierrez Marlen, Paniz-Mondolfi Alberto, Patiño Luz H, Muñoz Marina, Ramírez Juan David
Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas (NÚCLEO) Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia.
Virus Evol. 2024 Aug 31;10(1):veae068. doi: 10.1093/ve/veae068. eCollection 2024.
Dengue fever remains as a public health challenge in Colombia, standing as the most prevalent infectious disease in the country. The cyclic nature of dengue epidemics, occurring approximately every 3 years, is intricately linked to meteorological events like El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Therefore, the Colombian system faces challenges in genomic surveillance. This study aimed to evaluate local dengue virus (DENV) transmission and genetic diversity in four Colombian departments with heterogeneous incidence patterns (department is first-level territorial units in Colombia). For this study, we processed 266 serum samples to identify DENV. Subsequently, we obtained 118 genome sequences by sequencing DENV genomes from serum samples of 134 patients infected with DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes. The predominant serotype was DENV-2 (108/143), with the Asian-American (AA) genotype (91/118) being the most prevalent one. Phylogenetic analysis revealed concurrent circulation of two lineages of both DENV-2 AA and DENV-1 V, suggesting ongoing genetic exchange with sequences from Venezuela and Cuba. The continuous migration of Venezuelan citizens into Colombia can contribute to this exchange, emphasizing the need for strengthened prevention measures in border areas. Notably, the time to most recent common ancestor analysis identified cryptic transmission of DENV-2 AA since approximately 2015, leading to the recent epidemic. This challenges the notion that major outbreaks are solely triggered by recent virus introductions, emphasizing the importance of active genomic surveillance. The study also highlighted the contrasting selection pressures on DENV-1 V and DENV-2 AA, with the latter experiencing positive selection, possibly influencing its transmissibility. The presence of a cosmopolitan genotype in Colombia, previously reported in Brazil and Peru, raises concerns about transmission routes, emphasizing the necessity for thorough DENV evolution studies. Despite limitations, the study underscores genomic epidemiology's crucial role in early detection and comprehension of DENV genotypes, recommending the use of advanced sequencing techniques as an early warning system to help prevent and control dengue outbreaks in Colombia and worldwide.
登革热仍是哥伦比亚的一项公共卫生挑战，是该国最普遍的传染病。登革热疫情具有周期性，大约每3年发生一次，与诸如厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）等气象事件密切相关。因此，哥伦比亚系统在基因组监测方面面临挑战。本研究旨在评估哥伦比亚四个发病率模式各异的省份（省份是哥伦比亚的一级领土单位）的本地登革病毒（DENV）传播情况和遗传多样性。在本研究中，我们处理了266份血清样本以鉴定DENV。随后，我们通过对134例感染DENV - 1和DENV - 2血清型患者的血清样本中的DENV基因组进行测序，获得了118个基因组序列。主要血清型为DENV - 2（108/143），其中亚洲 - 美洲（AA）基因型（91/118）最为普遍。系统发育分析显示，DENV - 2 AA和DENV - 1 V的两个谱系同时存在，表明与来自委内瑞拉和古巴的序列正在进行基因交换。委内瑞拉公民持续涌入哥伦比亚可能促成了这种交换，这凸显了在边境地区加强预防措施的必要性。值得注意的是，最近共同祖先分析确定，自大约2015年以来DENV - 2 AA存在隐匿传播，导致了近期的疫情。这对主要疫情仅由近期病毒引入引发的观点提出了挑战，强调了主动基因组监测的重要性。该研究还强调了DENV - 1 V和DENV - 2 AA所面临的不同选择压力，后者经历了正选择，这可能影响其传播能力。在哥伦比亚存在一种曾在巴西和秘鲁报道过的世界性基因型，这引发了对传播途径的担忧，强调了对DENV进化进行深入研究的必要性。尽管存在局限性，但该研究强调了基因组流行病学在早期检测和理解DENV基因型方面的关键作用，建议使用先进的测序技术作为预警系统，以帮助预防和控制哥伦比亚乃至全球的登革热疫情。
