Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland.
Nutr Diabetes. 2021 Apr 15;11(1):13. doi: 10.1038/s41387-021-00154-3.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Different infant formulas, varying in protein type and quantity, are available for infants who are not breastfed or are partially breastfed. Postprandial insulinemic and glycemic responses to intact vs partially hydrolyzed protein in infant formula are unclear. To compare the effect of different forms (partially hydrolyzed vs non-hydrolyzed) and levels of protein in infant formula compared with a human milk reference subgroup on insulin response in adults.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: In a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over study, 35 healthy adults consumed 600 ml of three different infant formulas: Intact protein-based formula (INTACT) (1.87 g protein/100 kcal; whey/casein ratio of 70/30; 63 kcal/100 ml), partially hydrolyzed whey-based formula (PHw) (1.96 g protein/100 kcal; 100% whey; 63 kcal/100 ml), a high-protein partially hydrolyzed whey-based formula (HPPHw) (2.79 g protein/100 kcal; 100%whey; 73 kcal/100 ml) and a subgroup also consumed human milk (HM) (n = 11). Lipid and carbohydrate (lactose) contents were similar (5.1-5.5 and 10.5-11.6 g/100 kcal, respectively). Venous blood samples were taken after overnight fasting and at different intervals for 180 min post-drink for insulin, glucose, blood lipids, GLP-1, glucagon, and C-peptide.
Twenty-nine subjects (eight consuming HM) adhered to the protocol. INTACT and PHw groups had similar postprandial insulinemia and glycaemia (C and iAUC) that were not different from those of the HM subgroup. HPPHw resulted in higher postprandial insulin responses (iAUC) relative to all other groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.002 for the comparison with INTACT, PHw, HM, respectively). HPPHw resulted in a higher glucose response compared to INTACT and PHw (iAUC: p = 0.003, p = 0.001, respectively), but was not different from HM (p = 0.41).
This study in adults demonstrates similar postprandial insulinemia and glycaemia between INTACT and PHw, close to that of HM, but lower than HPPHw, which had a higher protein content compared to the other test milks. The findings remain to be confirmed in infants.
This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04332510.
背景/目的：有不同类型和数量蛋白质的婴儿配方奶粉可供非母乳喂养或部分母乳喂养的婴儿使用。婴儿配方奶粉中完整蛋白与部分水解蛋白对餐后胰岛素和血糖的反应尚不清楚。本研究旨在比较不同形式（部分水解与非水解）和水平的婴儿配方奶粉蛋白与母乳参考亚组相比，对成年人胰岛素反应的影响。
在一项随机、双盲、交叉研究中，35 名健康成年人分别饮用 600 毫升三种不同的婴儿配方奶粉：完整蛋白配方（INTACT）（1.87g 蛋白/100kcal；乳清/酪蛋白比例为 70/30；63kcal/100ml）、部分水解乳清蛋白配方（PHw）（1.96g 蛋白/100kcal；100%乳清蛋白；63kcal/100ml）、高蛋白部分水解乳清蛋白配方（HPPHw）（2.79g 蛋白/100kcal；100%乳清蛋白；73kcal/100ml）和一个也摄入人乳（HM）的亚组（n=11）。脂质和碳水化合物（乳糖）含量相似（分别为 5.1-5.5 和 10.5-11.6g/100kcal）。在饮用后 180 分钟的不同时间间隔内，在夜间禁食后和不同时间间隔内采集静脉血样，用于检测胰岛素、葡萄糖、血脂、GLP-1、胰高血糖素和 C 肽。
29 名受试者（8 名摄入 HM）遵守了方案。INTACT 和 PHw 组的餐后胰岛素血症和血糖（C 和 iAUC）相似，与 HM 亚组无差异。与所有其他组相比，HPPHw 导致更高的餐后胰岛素反应（iAUC；与 INTACT、PHw、HM 相比，分别为 p<0.001、p<0.001、p=0.002）。与 INTACT 和 PHw 相比，HPPHw 导致更高的血糖反应（iAUC：p=0.003、p=0.001，分别），但与 HM 无差异（p=0.41）。
本研究表明，成年人中 INTACT 和 PHw 之间的餐后胰岛素血症和血糖相似，接近 HM，但低于 HPPHw，后者的蛋白含量高于其他测试奶。这些发现有待在婴儿中进一步证实。
本研究在 clinicaltrials.gov 注册，标识符为 NCT04332510。
