Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
J Nutr Sci. 2021 Jul 12;10:e49. doi: 10.1017/jns.2021.41. eCollection 2021.
Postprandial hyperglycaemia is recognised as an important target in type 2 diabetes management. Dietary pattern, meal composition, and amount of food intake are major factors for maintaining postprandial blood glucose levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of consuming a whey protein-based multi-ingredient nutritional drink (WD) on postprandial glycaemic, insulinaemic, and active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) responses in comparison to a typical breakfast, which is boiled white rice with chicken (BC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fifteen subjects with T2DM participated in a randomised, controlled, cross-over study. Two isocaloric diets with similar nutrient composition were randomly tested with at least 7 d in between. Glucose, insulin, and active GLP-1 were measured by standard methods with blood samples collected with a venous catheter for 240 min during a kinetic test. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for plasma glucose was significantly lower after the consumption of WD (WD: 3551 ± 546; BC: 9610 ± 848 mg min/dl; < 0⋅01), while insulinaemic response tended to be lesser (iAUC) than those of BC. In addition, higher iAUC for active GLP-1 was obtained with WD diet (WD: 2230 ± 441; BC: 925 ± 183 pM min/ml; < 0⋅01). This study showed that WD can be used to replace a regular breakfast for improving postprandial glucose response and active GLP-1 levels in people with T2DM. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical efficacy of WD on long-term glycaemic control in people with T2DM.
餐后高血糖被认为是 2 型糖尿病管理的一个重要目标。饮食模式、膳食组成和食物摄入量是维持餐后血糖水平的主要因素。本研究旨在比较乳清蛋白为基础的多成分营养饮料（WD）和典型早餐（水煮白米饭加鸡肉，BC）对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者餐后血糖、胰岛素和活性胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）反应的影响。15 例 T2DM 患者参与了一项随机、对照、交叉研究。两种等热量饮食，其营养成分相似，至少间隔 7 天进行随机测试。通过静脉导管采集血样，在动力学试验中采集 240 分钟，用标准方法测量血糖、胰岛素和活性 GLP-1。WD 组餐后血糖的曲线下面积（AUC）显著低于 BC 组（WD：3551 ± 546；BC：9610 ± 848 mg min/dl；<0.01），而胰岛素反应也低于 BC 组。此外，WD 组的活性 GLP-1 的 AUC 更高（WD：2230 ± 441；BC：925 ± 183 pM min/ml；<0.01）。本研究表明，WD 可用于替代常规早餐，以改善 T2DM 患者的餐后血糖反应和活性 GLP-1 水平。需要进一步的研究来阐明 WD 对 T2DM 患者长期血糖控制的临床疗效。
