Wright C J, Atkinson F S, Ramalingam N, Buyken A E, Brand-Miller J C
Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Aug;69(8):939-43. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.29. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Consumption of formula in place of human milk may produce differences in postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia that contribute to metabolic programming in the first year of life. The objective of the current study was to determine glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to human milk compared with a typical commercial formula, and then compare 11 other formulas.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: On separate mornings in random order, 10 healthy breastfeeding mothers consumed 25 g available carbohydrate portions of their own milk, a formula and reference food (25 g glucose on two occasions). In the second study, 10 different healthy subjects consumed 25 g available carbohydrate portions of 11 different commercial formulas and three reference foods (25 g glucose on three occasions). Fingerpick blood samples were taken at regular intervals over 2 h, and the glycaemic index (GI) and insulin index determined according to a standardised protocol.
There were no significant differences in postprandial glycaemia or insulinaemia after human milk vs a typical formula (P = 0.3). Both produced a low GI (mean ± s.e.m.: 38 ± 7 vs 34 ± 7, respectively) and high insulin index (87 ± 14 vs 94 ± 16). The GI and insulin indices of the other formulas ranged from 18 ± 3 to 67 ± 6 and 53 ± 9 to 209 ± 33, respectively.
Human milk and a typical formula elicit similar postprandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses, but there is a wide range of responses to other formulas.
背景/目的：用配方奶替代母乳可能会导致餐后血糖和胰岛素血症出现差异，这会影响生命第一年的代谢编程。本研究的目的是确定与典型商业配方奶相比，母乳对血糖和胰岛素的反应，然后比较其他11种配方奶。
受试者/方法：在不同的早晨，10名健康的母乳喂养母亲按随机顺序分别食用25克可利用碳水化合物量的自身母乳、一种配方奶和参考食物（两次食用25克葡萄糖）。在第二项研究中，10名不同的健康受试者食用25克可利用碳水化合物量的11种不同商业配方奶和三种参考食物（三次食用25克葡萄糖）。在2小时内定期采集指尖血样，根据标准化方案测定血糖指数（GI）和胰岛素指数。
与典型配方奶相比，母乳餐后血糖或胰岛素血症无显著差异（P = 0.3）。两者均产生低GI（平均值±标准误：分别为38±7和34±7）和高胰岛素指数（87±14和94±16）。其他配方奶的GI和胰岛素指数分别为18±3至67±6和53±9至209±33。
母乳和典型配方奶引起相似的餐后血糖和胰岛素反应，但其他配方奶的反应范围较广。
