Bell-Kareem Antoinette R, Smither Allison R
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, JBJ 557, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2023;440:87-109. doi: 10.1007/82_2021_234.
Lassa fever (LF) is a lethal hemorrhagic disease primarily concentrated in the tropical savannah regions of Nigeria and the Mano River Union countries of Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea. Endemic hotspots within these countries have had recurrent exposure to Lassa virus (LASV) via continual spillover from the host reservoir Mastomys natalensis. Increased trade and travel throughout the region have spread the virus to previously unexposed countries, including Ghana, Benin, Mali, and Côte d'Ivoire. In the absence of effective treatment or vaccines to LASV, preventative measures against Lassa fever rely heavily on reducing or eliminating rodent exposure, increasing the knowledge base surrounding the virus and disease in communities, and diminishing the stigmas faced by Lassa fever survivors.
拉沙热是一种致命的出血性疾病，主要集中在尼日利亚的热带稀树草原地区以及塞拉利昂、利比里亚和几内亚的马诺河联盟国家。这些国家的地方性热点地区因宿主储主 Natalensis 鼠的持续溢出而反复接触拉沙病毒。该地区贸易和旅行的增加已将病毒传播到包括加纳、贝宁、马里和科特迪瓦在内的以前未受影响的国家。在缺乏针对拉沙病毒的有效治疗方法或疫苗的情况下，预防拉沙热的措施严重依赖于减少或消除与啮齿动物的接触、增加社区对该病毒和疾病的了解以及减少拉沙热幸存者所面临的耻辱感。
