Laboratory of Microbiology and Applied Biology, Faculty of Biology, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Av. Universitarios, University City, 80013, Culiacan Rosales, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Aug;203(6):3317-3330. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02319-1. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
The continual increase in resistance to antibacterial drugs has become a major public health problem, and their indiscriminate use in agriculture, aquaculture, and the treatment of human and animal diseases has severely contributed to the occurrence and spread of multidrug resistance genes. This study phylogenetically characterized multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from seafood cocktails. Seafood cocktail dishes from 20 establishments on public roads were sampled. Samples were grown on TCBS agar and blood agar. Forty colonies with different macro- and microscopic characteristics were isolated. The 16S rRNA gene V4 and V6 hypervariable regions were amplified, sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. Antibacterial drug resistance was determined by disk diffusion assay. Isolated bacteria were identical to species of the genera Enterococcus, Proteus, Vibrio, Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, Vagococcus, Micrococcus, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, and Brevibacterium, with 75-100% presenting resistance or intermediate resistance to dicloxacillin, ampicillin, and penicillin; 50-70% to cephalosporins; 30-67.5% to amikacin, netilmicin and gentamicin; 40% to nitrofurantoin and other antibacterial drugs; 25% to chloramphenicol; and 2.5% to trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. In general, 80% of the bacteria showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. The high degree of bacterial resistance to antibacterial drugs indicates that their use in producing raw material for marine foods requires established guidelines and the implementation of good practices.
抗菌药物耐药性的不断增加已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题，其在农业、水产养殖以及人类和动物疾病治疗中的滥用严重促成了多药耐药基因的出现和传播。本研究对从海鲜拼盘分离出的耐多药细菌进行了系统发育特征分析。从公共道路上的 20 家餐馆采集了海鲜拼盘。将样本接种于 TCBS 琼脂和血琼脂上进行培养。从具有不同宏观和微观特征的 40 个菌落中分离出来。扩增、测序并对 16S rRNA 基因 V4 和 V6 高变区进行了系统发育分析。采用纸片扩散法测定抗菌药物耐药性。分离出的细菌与肠球菌属、普罗维登斯菌属、弧菌属、葡萄球菌属、乳球菌属、沃氏球菌属、微球菌属、不动杆菌属、肠杆菌属和短杆菌属的种一致，对双氯西林、氨苄西林和青霉素的耐药率或中介率为 75-100%；对头孢菌素的耐药率为 50-70%；对阿米卡星、奈替米星和庆大霉素的耐药率为 30-67.5%；对呋喃妥因和其他抗菌药物的耐药率为 40%；对氯霉素的耐药率为 25%；对复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药率为 2.5%。总的来说，80%的细菌对多种抗生素表现出耐药性。细菌对抗生素的高度耐药性表明，在生产海洋食品原料时需要制定指导方针并实施良好的操作规范。
