Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2021 Jun;29(6):1046-1057. doi: 10.1002/oby.23137. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
This study examined how household food insecurity (HFI) and chronic stress relate to adiposity among Tsimane' hunter-forager-horticulturalists in remote Bolivia with limited access to energy-dense processed foods that promote weight gain among industrialized populations.
Retrospective cross-sectional data on HFI (via the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale [HFIAS]), hair cortisol concentration (HCC), adiposity (BMI, body fat percentage [%BF]), and sociodemographics were collected from 171 men, 164 women, and 167 children. Linear mixed-effects models tested linear, quadratic, joint, and interactive relationships between adiposity measures and both the HFIAS score and HCC.
Among children, each 3-point HFIAS score increase was associated with a 0.44-point higher %BF (SE = 0.22, P = 0.04). However, each 20% increase in HCC was associated with a -0.29-point difference in %BF (SE = 0.12, P = 0.01). Among men, a slight curvilinear relationship emerged between HFIAS and BMI. HFIAS and HCC were unrelated to adiposity measures among women. HCC did not modify relationships between HFIAS and adiposity in any subgroup.
These findings from a remote, small-scale population suggest that positive associations between HFI and adiposity are not isolated to contexts of industrialized food environments and heavy reliance on processed foods. However, these dynamics and the role of stress appear to differ by sex and age group.
本研究旨在探讨在玻利维亚偏远地区的 Tsimane'狩猎采集者-农民群体中，家庭食物不安全（HFI）和慢性压力如何与肥胖相关联。该人群获取高热量加工食品的机会有限，而这些食品在工业化人群中会导致体重增加。
通过家庭食物不安全获取量表（HFIAS）收集了 171 名男性、164 名女性和 167 名儿童的 HFI、头发皮质醇浓度（HCC）、肥胖指标（BMI、体脂肪百分比[%BF]）和社会人口统计学数据。线性混合效应模型检验了肥胖指标与 HFIAS 评分和 HCC 之间的线性、二次、联合和交互关系。
在儿童中，HFIAS 评分每增加 3 分，体脂肪百分比就会增加 0.44 个百分点（SE=0.22，P=0.04）。然而，HCC 每增加 20%，体脂肪百分比就会降低 0.29 个百分点（SE=0.12，P=0.01）。在男性中，HFIAS 和 BMI 之间出现了轻微的曲线关系。在女性中，HFIAS 和 HCC 与肥胖指标无关。在任何亚组中，HCC 都没有改变 HFIAS 和肥胖之间的关系。
这些来自偏远小规模人群的研究结果表明，HFI 与肥胖之间的正相关关系不仅局限于工业化食品环境和对加工食品高度依赖的情况下。然而，这些动态和压力的作用似乎因性别和年龄组而异。
