Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Jul;23(10):1778-1790. doi: 10.1017/S136898001900435X. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
Food security has been suggested to be a risk factor for depression, stress and anxiety. We therefore undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of available publications to examine these associations further.
Relevant studies were identified by searching Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and PubMed databases up to January 2019.
OR was pooled using a random-effects model. Standard methods were used for assessment of heterogeneity and publication bias.
Data were available from nineteen studies with 372 143 individual participants from ten different countries that were pooled for the meta-analysis.
The results showed there was a positive relationship between food insecurity (FI) and risk of depression (OR = 1·40; 95 % CI: 1·30, 1·58) and stress (OR = 1·34; 95 % CI: 1·24, 1·44) but not anxiety. Subgroup analysis by age showed that subjects older than ≥65 years exhibited a higher risk of depression (OR = 1·75; 95 % CI: 1·20, 2·56) than younger participants (OR = 1·34; 95 % CI: 1·20, 1·50), as well as a greater risk of depression in men (OR = 1·42; 95 % CI: 1·17, 1·72) than women (OR = 1·30; 95 % CI: 1·16, 1·46). Finally, subgroup analysis according to geographical location illustrated that food insecure households living in North America had the highest risk of stress and anxiety.
The evidence from this meta-analysis suggests that FI has a significant effect on the likelihood of being stressed or depressed. This indicates that health care services, which alleviate FI, would also promote holistic well-being in adults.
有研究表明食品安全是抑郁、压力和焦虑的一个风险因素。因此，我们进行了系统的综述和荟萃分析，以进一步研究这些关联。
通过检索 Web of Science、Embase、Scopus 和 PubMed 数据库，查找截至 2019 年 1 月的相关文献。
使用随机效应模型对 OR 值进行合并。采用标准方法评估异质性和发表偏倚。
来自十个不同国家的 19 项研究，共有 372143 名个体参与者的数据被纳入荟萃分析。
结果表明，食物不安全（FI）与抑郁（OR=1.40；95%CI：1.30，1.58）和压力（OR=1.34；95%CI：1.24，1.44）的风险呈正相关，但与焦虑无关。按年龄进行的亚组分析显示，年龄≥65 岁的受试者患抑郁的风险（OR=1.75；95%CI：1.20，2.56）高于年轻参与者（OR=1.34；95%CI：1.20，1.50），男性（OR=1.42；95%CI：1.17，1.72）患抑郁的风险也高于女性（OR=1.30；95%CI：1.16，1.46）。最后，根据地理位置进行的亚组分析表明，居住在北美的食物不安全家庭面临最大的压力和焦虑风险。
荟萃分析的证据表明，FI 对压力或抑郁的发生有显著影响。这表明，缓解 FI 的医疗保健服务也将促进成年人的整体健康。
