HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 1;12:622176. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622176. eCollection 2021.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) presents a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic to a severe clinical course. The host genetic background influence on the susceptibility and outcome of multiples infectious diseases has been previously reported. Herein, we aimed to describe relevant identified genetic variants and those potentially related to the inter-individual variability of COVID-19 susceptibility and/or severity considering the physiopathological pathway of the disease The , -, , , and alleles have been associated with COVID-19 susceptibility; while , , and have been identified as low-risk alleles. Variants in cytokine genes such as , , , , , , and could be related to disease susceptibility and cytokine storm, and/or COVID-19 complications (e.g., venous thrombosis). Several variants in and affecting the expression of the receptors related to COVID-19 have been associated with the disease susceptibility and risk factors. Finally, two GWAS have identified the 3p21.31 (, , , , , and ) and 9q34.2 () with COVID-19 severity. Heterogeneous results in the association of genetic variants with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity were observed. The mechanism of identified risk-genes and studies in different populations are still warranted.
冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 表现出广泛的临床表现，从无症状到严重的临床过程。宿主遗传背景对多种传染病的易感性和结局的影响以前已有报道。在此，我们旨在描述相关的已确定的遗传变异体，以及那些可能与 COVID-19 易感性和/或严重程度的个体间变异性相关的变异体，考虑到疾病的病理生理途径。等位基因已与 COVID-19 的易感性相关；而等位基因被确定为低风险等位基因。细胞因子基因中的变异体，如、、、、、、和，可能与疾病易感性和细胞因子风暴有关，和/或 COVID-19 并发症（例如静脉血栓形成）。影响与 COVID-19 相关的受体表达的和中的几个变体与疾病易感性和危险因素相关。最后，两项全基因组关联研究确定了与 COVID-19 严重程度相关的 3p21.31（、、、、、和）和 9q34.2（）。观察到遗传变异与 COVID-19 易感性和严重程度的关联存在异质性结果。确定的风险基因的机制和不同人群的研究仍有待进一步研究。
