Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Front Immunol. 2021 Jan 8;11:601886. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.601886. eCollection 2020.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that appeared in December 2019 has precipitated the global pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, in many parts of Africa fewer than expected cases of COVID-19, with lower rates of mortality, have been reported. Individual human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles can affect both the susceptibility and the severity of viral infections. In the case of COVID-19 such an analysis may contribute to identifying individuals at higher risk of the disease and the epidemiological level to understanding the differences between countries in the epidemic patterns. It is also recognized that first antigen exposure influences the consequence of subsequent exposure. We thus propose a theory incorporating HLA antigens, the "original antigenic sin (OAS)" effect, and presentation of viral peptides which could explain with differential susceptibility or resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infections.
2019 年 12 月出现的由冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的严重急性呼吸系统综合征引发了全球大流行的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。然而，在非洲的许多地区，报告的 COVID-19 病例数低于预期，死亡率也较低。个体人类白细胞抗原（HLA）等位基因既可以影响病毒感染的易感性，也可以影响其严重程度。在 COVID-19 的情况下，这种分析可能有助于确定疾病风险较高的个体，并从流行病学角度了解各国在疫情模式上的差异。人们还认识到，初次抗原暴露会影响后续暴露的后果。因此，我们提出了一个包含 HLA 抗原、“原始抗原性错误（OAS）”效应和病毒肽呈递的理论，该理论可以解释对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的不同易感性或抵抗力。
