Uda M N Aiman, Gopinath Subash C B, Hashim Uda, Halim N H, Parmin N A, Uda M N Afnan, Anbu Periasamy
Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis Malaysia.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia.
3 Biotech. 2021 May;11(5):205. doi: 10.1007/s13205-021-02740-9. Epub 2021 Apr 2.
This paper describes the synthesis of graphene-based activated carbon from carbonaceous rice straw fly ash in an electrical furnace and the subsequent potassium hydroxide extraction. The produced graphene has a proper morphological structure; flakes and a rough surface can be observed. The average size of the graphene was defined as up to 2000 nm and clarification was provided by high-resolution microscopes (FESEM and FETEM). Crystallinity was confirmed by surface area electron diffraction. The chemical bonding from the graphene was clearly observed, with -C=C- and O-H stretching at peaks of 1644 cm and 3435 cm, respectively. Impurities in the graphene were found using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The measured size, according to zeta-potential analysis, was 8722.2 ± 25 nm, and the average polydispersity index was 0.576. The stability of the mass reduction was analyzed by a thermogravimetric at 100 °C, with a final reduction of ~ 11%.
本文描述了在电炉中由稻壳粉煤灰合成石墨烯基活性炭以及随后的氢氧化钾萃取过程。所制备的石墨烯具有合适的形态结构；可以观察到薄片和粗糙的表面。石墨烯的平均尺寸确定为可达2000纳米，高分辨率显微镜（场发射扫描电子显微镜和场发射透射电子显微镜）给出了相关说明。通过表面积电子衍射确认了结晶度。清楚地观察到了石墨烯的化学键，-C=C-和O-H伸缩振动分别在1644厘米和3435厘米处出现峰值。使用X射线光电子能谱和能量色散X射线能谱发现了石墨烯中的杂质。根据zeta电位分析，测得的尺寸为8722.2±25纳米，平均多分散指数为0.576。在100℃下通过热重分析法分析了质量减少的稳定性，最终减少量约为11%。
