Abbo S, Lev-Yadun S, Galwey N
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Science Education, Haifa University - Oranim, Tivon 36006, Israel.
New Phytol. 2002 Jun;154(3):695-701. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00405.x.
• Response to low temperature during early growth in cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and its wild progenitor C. reticulatum was investigated to clarify the evolutionary processes under domestication in this crop. • Parental lines and their F and F progeny were exposed to cold treatment (4°C) for 30°d after seed imbibition and compared with controls. • Cold treatment caused a 19-d advance in flowering time in wild chickpea, but only a 3-d advance in cultivated chickpea. It also promoted apical dominance of the main stem of the wild chickpea, whereas apical dominance was constitutive in the cultivated type. F progeny showed significant genetic variation affecting the response of flowering time to low temperature. We suggest that selection against alleles conferring vernalization requirements was a major step in the evolution of cultivated chickpea. The reduced low-temperature response was fundamental both for the ancient conversion of chickpea from an autumn- to a spring-sown crop ('summer crop') in west Asia, and for its spread into the lower-latitude regions of India and east Africa. • Attempts to improve yield and/or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses through introgression with wild chickpea species carry the risk of reintroducing vernalization sensitive alleles into the cultigen.
• 研究了栽培鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum）及其野生祖先网脉鹰嘴豆（C. reticulatum）早期生长期间对低温的响应，以阐明该作物驯化过程中的进化过程。• 亲本品系及其F1和F2后代在种子吸胀后接受30天的冷处理（4°C），并与对照进行比较。• 冷处理使野生鹰嘴豆的开花时间提前19天，但仅使栽培鹰嘴豆的开花时间提前3天。冷处理还促进了野生鹰嘴豆主茎的顶端优势，而栽培型鹰嘴豆的顶端优势是组成型的。F2后代表现出影响开花时间对低温响应的显著遗传变异。我们认为，针对赋予春化要求的等位基因进行选择是栽培鹰嘴豆进化的一个主要步骤。低温响应降低对于鹰嘴豆在西亚从秋季作物转变为春季作物（“夏季作物”）的古老转变以及其传播到印度和东非的低纬度地区都至关重要。• 通过与野生鹰嘴豆物种回交来提高产量和/或对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性的尝试，存在将春化敏感等位基因重新引入栽培品种的风险。
