Both Avinash Kumar, Gao Yurui, Zeng Xiao Cheng, Cheung Chin Li
Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA.
Nanoscale. 2021 Apr 30;13(16):7447-7470. doi: 10.1039/d1nr00751c.
Gas hydrates (clathrate hydrates, clathrates, or hydrates) are crystalline inclusion compounds composed of water and gas molecules. Methane hydrates, the most well-known gas hydrates, are considered a menace in flow assurance. However, they have also been hailed as an alternative energy resource because of their high methane storage capacity. Since the formation of gas hydrates generally requires extreme conditions, developing porous material hosts to synthesize gas hydrates with less-demanding constraints is a topic of great interest to the materials and energy science communities. Though reports of modeling and experimental analysis of bulk gas hydrates are plentiful in the literature, reliable phase data for gas hydrates within confined spaces of nanoporous media have been sporadic. This review examines recent studies of both experiments and theoretical modeling of gas hydrates within four categories of nanoporous material hosts that include porous carbons, metal-organic frameworks, graphene nanoslits, and carbon nanotubes. We identify challenges associated with these porous systems and discuss the prospects of gas hydrates in confined space for potential applications.
气体水合物（笼形水合物、包合物或水合物）是由水分子和气体分子组成的晶体包合物。甲烷水合物是最著名的气体水合物，被认为是流动保障中的一个威胁。然而，由于其高甲烷储存能力，它们也被誉为一种替代能源。由于气体水合物的形成通常需要极端条件，开发多孔材料主体以在要求较低的条件下合成气体水合物是材料和能源科学界非常感兴趣的一个话题。尽管文献中有大量关于大块气体水合物建模和实验分析的报道，但纳米多孔介质受限空间内气体水合物的可靠相数据却很零散。本综述考察了四类纳米多孔材料主体（包括多孔碳、金属有机框架、石墨烯纳米狭缝和碳纳米管）内气体水合物的实验和理论建模的最新研究。我们确定了与这些多孔系统相关的挑战，并讨论了受限空间内气体水合物在潜在应用方面的前景。
